THE LIST - Who's an American of the United States?

I decided to repost this as a reminder of the facts about the U.S. that are rarely discussed and of where it stems from and continues to emanate from.
 
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THE LIST
 
Who's an American?
 
1600s  Most various tribes scattered throughout the continent didn't know whether they were Americans as there was no one to tell them.
 
1774  Continental Congress leaves it to each state who shall be a voting citizen.
 
1776  Full citizenship to white male property owners, with six states granting it to all white males whether they had property or not.  Some states had higher property qualifications than others and some even required membership in a specified religion.  [under the Declaration of Independence' Bill or Rights "...all men are created equal..."  meant all white men and not man as in mankind; not even white women were considered equal to white men.]
 
1781-89  Articles of Confederation accept in principle that the central government should regulate Indian affairs. 
 
1789  Secretary of War is placed in charge of Indians.
 
1790   Naturalization of foreign 'free white persons' permitted.  White women carried the legal status of their husbands.
 
1795  Naturalization denied free whites unwilling to give up foreign titles of nobility.
 
1812-21  Six western states join the union with full white male sufferage.  Four of the original states abolish property requuirements. 
 
1830
 
Indian Removable Act passes Congress, calling for relocation of eastern Indians to a territory west of the Mississippi River.  Cherokees contest it in court, and in 1832, the Supreme Court decides in their favor, but Andrew Jackson ignores the decision.  From 1831-39, the Five Civilized tribes of the Southeast are relocated to the (designated) Indian Territory.  The Cherokee "Trail of Tears" takes place in 1838-39.
 
 
1853-56
 
United States acquires 174 million acres of Indian lands through 52 treaties all of which it will subsequently break.
 
 
1856   North Carolina becomes the last state to abolish the property requirement.  Previous barred Catholics and non-Christians are enfranchised and in a few states even (white) immigrants not yet naturalized are allowed to vote. 
 
 
1857   Under Dred Scott decision, no black person can be a U.S. citizen.
 
1858   Stephen Douglas debates Abraham Lincoln, arguinng that "I believe the governmentt was made on the white basis.  I believe it was made by white men for the benefit of white men and their posterity forever, and I am in favor of confining citizenship to white men... instead of conferring it upon negroes, indians, and other inferior races."   Lincoln disagrees (for the most part).
 
California passes a law barring the entry of Chinese or Mongolians.
 
1866  Civil Rights Act declares all persons born in the U.S. -except Indians - to be natural citizens.
 
1869   Territory of Wyoming grants (white) women suffrage in state elections.
 
1870   15th Amendment is passed: "The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitutde."  South deals with the amendment by instituting polls taxes, literacy tests grandfather clauses that limit the vote to the offspring of the formeerly enfranchised.   Jim Crow laws practiced in the south.
 
Naturalization of black immigrants (but not Asians) is permitted.
 
 
1871   Residents of the District of Columbia lose tthe right to vote for mayor and city council as a territorial form of government with appointed governor is installed.
 
General Sheridan issues orders forbidding western Indians to leave reservations without permission of civilian agents.
 
Senate declares that Indian nations will no longer be recognized as independent powers with whom treaties can be contracted.  1871: As part of President U.S. Grant's so-called "peace policy", 71 Indian agencies are assigned to varioous Christian denominnations.  This was meant to end corruption in the Bureau of Indian Affairs and assign Christian missionaries the task of working with the tribes.   As it turns out, it didn't stop the corruption in the Bureau of Indian Affairs.
 
 
1874   Supreme Court rules that it is not unconstituttional to deny women the right to vote.
 
 
1875   Page Law bars entry of Chinese, Japanese, and "Mongolian" prostitutes, felons, and contract laborers.
 
1878   Chinese are ruled not eligible for naturalized citizenship.
 
1882   Chinese Exclusion Law suspends immigration of laborers for ten years.
 
Late 19th century Exclusion from naturalization of prostitutes, convicted felons, lunatics, polygamists and persons likely to be a 'public charge'.
 
Early 20th century Exclusion from naturalization of anarchists, communists, and the illiterate.
 
1902   Chinese exclusion is extended for another ten years.
 
1904   Chinese exclusion is made indefinite.
 
1915   Eleven states have given women the right to vote.
 
1918   Servicemen of Asian ancestry who served in World War I receive right to naturalization.
 
1919   American Indian soldiers and sailors receive citizenship.
 
1920   The 20th  Amendment, giving the women the right to vote, is ratified.
 
1923   Asian Indians ruled not eligible for naturalized citizenship.
 
1924   Congress gives the right to vote to original Americans, the Indians.
 
1940   Congress passes Nationalities Act granting citizenship to all Native
Americans without diluting tribal authority.
 
1941   Afrter declarig war on Japan, 10,000 Japanese-Americans along Pacific Coast states and Hawaii are rounded up and interned in Department of Justice camps.
 
1943   The Chinese Exclusion Act is repealed.  The annual immigration quota for Chinese is set at 105.
 
1945   The War Brides Act permits immigration of Asian spouses and children of American servicemen in the war.
 
1946   Luce-Celler bill grants rights of naturalization and small immigration quotas to Asian Indians and Filipinos.
 
1949   5000 highly educated Chinese in the U.S. granted refugee status after China institutes a communist government.
 
1952   One clause of the McCarran - Walter Act grants the right of naturalization and a small immigration quota to Japanese.
 
1957   Utah becomes the last state to permit Indians to vote.
 
1965   Immigration Law abolishes "national origins" as basis for allocating immigration quotas to various countries - Asian countries now on equal footing.
 
1974   Residents of the District of Columbia regain the right to vote for mayor and city council lost over a century earlier but still lack voting representation in Congress or real power over their budget and criminal justice system.
 
 
This list still needs to be updated; I'm sure more will be added on as more research is done.

 

Aren't we glad we are not U.S. Americans?   We're proud to be Hawaiian Kingdom subjects, national citizens of Hawai'i whose country never had to go through the white man's problem of racism, bigotry, and hypocrisy except when they invaded and belligerently occupied our nation.  They can take all their bullshit, de-occupy our country and go home to be miserable where they come from and take their crap with them.

 

He Hawai'i au,

 

Tane
 

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  • Yes, walking through Waianae from the boat harbor and on through the parking lot of Waianae Shopping Center with a Hawaiian Flag voicing "La Ku'oko" on Nove 28 2009 was an experience. Thanks for reminding me of this day and the aftermath of meeting you and pono at the ahu at Iolani Palace for a quick clean up of the T-leafs surrounding the mound. My grandchildren are still shaping and reshaping their ideals on who they are as Kanaka's and where they are. It's been an interesting year to see how my grandchildren are fairing from the "La Ku'oko' since it was all instantly new to them. Like I said, when we met soon after the walk --to face the entire communties of Waianae with the Hawaiian flag was quite an experience to see all their faces, disbelief, confusion, happy, irritated. It was the Micronesians that understood--by standing and recognizing our flag both young and old. Thanks for the reminder, I forgot.
  • Tomorrow is Mexico's Independence Day, and I am a bit jealouse of their celebration. Much love
    • No need to be jealous ; as the 28th of November is the Kingdom of Hawaii's Day of Recognition as an Independent Sovereign Nation by world nations. It's not like the United States of America who got their Independence from Great Britain or Mexico whom got it from Spain and Austria (?).

      La Ku'oko'a is our time for celebration which Hawaii's subjects have been celebrating as a national holiday. Since the United States sneak attack and belligerent occupation, they have replaced it with their Thanksgiving Day to erase the national holiday of our country.

      Why not join in celebrating our national holiday which is observed by many Hawaii nationals who are proud to be citizens and subjects of the Kingdom of Hawai'i today. People have been celebrating the recognition of Hawai'i Kingdom's Independence as a sovereign nation throughout the islands for years.

      Be patient; our holiday celebration is still upcoming on November 28th. Just plan for it.

      Tane
  • Vigilantism is taking the law into one's own hands and attempting to effect justice according to one's own understanding of right or wrong; thereby floouting the Rule of Law and becoming lawmaker, law enforcer, judge, jury, and court for the cause they are pursuing.

    The U.S. history began with vigilantism as a common practice. Vigilantes started in the South in 1830's to keep blacks and abolitionists in their place. The most well-known group were the Klu Klux Klan that committed terrorist activity including lynching and murders.

    In the 21st century, U.S. vigilantism continues with border militia between U.S. - Mexico borders to stop so-called illegal immigration of non-whites. Meanwhile the Canadian border is still open to white Canadians who enter freely without a fuss.

    The Tea Party Group is also considered a vigilante group and those that are against a mosque near ground zero is developing into a vigilante group. Vigilantism equates to terrorism; a behavior historically U.S. American.
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