The following persons/entities purchased the United States government bank in 1913:
1913 - "The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 provided that the names of the owner banks be kept secret.
However, RE McMaster, publisher of "THE REAPER" discovered through confidential Swiss banking connections the names of the controlling stockholders in the Federal Reserve.
They are:
1. Rothschild Banks of London and Berlin
2. Lazard Brothers Bank of Paris
3. Israel Moses Sieff Banks of Italy
4. Warburg Bank of Hamburg and Amsterdam
5. Kuhn Loeb Bank of New York
6. Lehman Brothers Bank of New York
7. Goldman Sachs Bank of New York
8. Chase Manhattan Bank of New York
(Rockefellers - the same owners of EXXON formerly known as STANDARD OIL, the corporation that President George W. Bush had commented that "...WAR FOR EXXON..." was documented in Greg Palast article THE BROWN STUFF at HYPERLINK "http://www.gregpalast.com" www.gregpalast.com )
"Eustace Mullins in his impeccably researched book SECRETS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE says; "Because the Federal Reserve Bank of New York sets the daily supply and price of currency throughout America, the owners of that bank are the real directors of the entire system.
These shareholders have controlled our political and economic destiny since 1913."
"The shareholders of the Mullins lists are similar to the Swiss bank source:
1. The Rothchilds
2. Lazard Freres (Eugene Mayer)
3. Israel Sieff
4. Kuhn Loeb Company
5. Warburg Company
6. Lehman Brothers
7. Goldman Sachs
8. The Rockefeller family and J.P. Morgan interests.
Note: The Trustees of the Estate of Bernice Pauahi Bishop and Charles Reed Bishop invested in both Goldman Sachs; and J.P. Morgan banks...and it's Not their lands, monies invested! ---- They are documented Pirates, Pillagers, Criminal deviants, frauds, racketeers, privateers, genocide activists, identity thieves documented.
1914 – “In the early days of the war England had practically abdicated, for the time being, the position of international banker which she had held for a hundred years.” England “had invested over a billion dollars in New securities, domestic and foreign. Lombard Street had largely financed the building of American railroads, had contributed greatly To the financing of American enterprises of all Kinds, had been a large purchaser of government And municipal bonds, not only in the United States, But in South American countries.” (pages 161-162) “Wall Street had played little part in financing foreign governments, its activities in this direction being limited almost to lending Great Britain $200,000,000 at the time of the South African War and Japan $50,000,000 at the time of the Russian War.” (page 163) The British purchased the Anglo-Persian Oil Company.” (Of Many Times and Cultures –page 169) 1915 – The “British Government vetoed all operations of this kind and informed the bankers that their resources must be used exclusively for war purposes.” (page 162) “Wall Street bought the bond issues of Paris, Bordeaux, and Lyons, and even provided funds for International trade.” (page 162) “A distinguished Anglo-French mission arrived in New York for the purpose of floating an American Loan….” The amount approved was for half the Request or $500,000,000. (page 164) “the House of Morgan has always maintained close and confidential relations with the British Government and the British public.” (pages 164-165) “Wall Street began to deal in shells, cannon, submarines, blankets, clothing, shoes, canned meats, wheat, and thousands of other articles needed for the prosecution of a great war.” (page 165) 1916 - “ The United States produced 43,000,000 tons of steel, while Great Britain, which normally ranks next to this country in steel manufacturer, produced 9,000,000 tons….” (page 156) “The gold supply of Europe began to find its way into coffers of Wall Street, a movement that was coninuous until 1917, when of the approximately $8,500,000,000 outstanding, nearly $3,000,000,000 was ultimately deposited in American safety vaults.” (page 161) “we had ceased to be a debtor nation and now had Europe deeply in our debt. We had lent foreign Governments, bankers, and merchants not far from $2,000,000,000; yet so plentiful was money in New York that the investment bankers complained because they could not find enough securities to supply their customers. (page 170) 1917- “Congress declared war on April 6, 1917.” (page 168) “The mere fact that the United States, besides spending enormous sums on its own military preparations, was able to lend nearly $10,000,000,000 to European Governments in little less than two years, gives some idea of the resources which this country brought to bear in the European conflict. (page 175) Some people charged that it was “Wall Street’s War”.
Reference:
https://amelia-gora.blogspot.com/2011/11/important-keep-for-your-records-updated.html
1913 - Federal Reserve Status:
Carroll County democrat. (Huntingdon, Tenn.) 188?-1971, July 04, 1913, Image 6
Image provided by University of Tennessee
Persistent link: https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn89058115/1913-07-04/ed-1/seq-6/
Aaron Russo (dec.)- Whistleblower on the Federal Reserve, Taxes, etc.
He suggests to shut down the Federal Reserve System.
aloha.
Reference:
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 3, 2011
IMPORTANT: Keep for Your Records - Updated Hawaiian History (Part 1)
Important: KEEP FOR YOUR RECORDS - Updated Hawaiian History
1844 -
1844 - England and France's governments recognized the independence of the Hawaiian Islands.
Equal consideration of the three 1) The United States of America; 2) Great Britain, and 3) France was approved by the King and Premier of the Hawaiian Kingdom and signed by Kamehameha III, and Kekauluohi at Lahaina, Maui, on the 29th day of June, A.D. 1844.
Note: Under the Law of Nations general convention, the Congress of Vienna convened, and "contained delegates from the eight principal Powers of Europe, Austria, Great Britain, France, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Russia, and Prussia, who among other arrangements saw fit to terminate by mutual agreement, the dissension about precedence: These Powers unanimously agreed to the following articles on that subject... see THE POLYNESIAN, Saturday, July 20, 1844
Belgium's government recognized the independence of the Hawaiian Islands.
the following documents are very important due to the recognition of the Hawaiian Kingdom in 1844.
EXTRACT FROM THE 1916 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD SENATESenator Owen: I wish to put in the Record the secret treaty of Verona of November 22, 1822, showing what this ancient conflict is between the rule of the few and the rule of the many. I wish to call the attention of the Senate to this treaty because it is the threat of this treaty which was the basis of the Monroe doctrine. It throws a powerful white light upon the conflict between monarchical government and government by the people. The Holy Alliance under the influence of Metternich, the Premier of Austria, in 1822, issued this remarkable secret document:
AMERICAN DIPLOMATIC CODE, 1778-1884The undersigned, specially authorized to make some additions to the treaty of the Holy Alliance, after having exchanged their respective credentials, have agreed as follows:
ARTICLE 1. The high contracting powers, being convinced that the system of representative government is equally as incompatible with the monarchical principles as the maxim of the sovereignty of the people with the divine right, engage mutually, in the most solemn manner, to use all that their efforts to put an end to the system of representative governments, in whatever county it may exist in Europe, and to prevent it being introduced in those countries where it is not yet known.
ARTICLE 2. As it can not be doubted that the liberty of the press is the most powerful means used by the pretended supporters of the rights of nations to the detriment of those of princes, the high contracting parties promise reciprocally to adopt all proper measures to suppress it, not only in their own States but also in the rest of Europe.
ARTICLE 3. Convinced that the principles of religion contribute most powerfully to keep nations in the state of passive obedience which they owe to their princes, the high contracting parties declare it to be their intention to sustain in their respective States those measures which clergy may adopt, with the aim of ameliorating their own interests, intimately connected with the preservation of the authority of the princes and the contracting powers join in offering their thanks to the Pope for what he has already done for them, and solicit his constant cooperation in their views of submitting the nations.
ARTICLE 4. The situation of Spain and Portugal unite unhappily all the circumstances to which this treaty has particular reference. The contracting parties, in confiding to France the care of putting an end to them, engaged to assist her in the matter which may the least compromit [sic] them with their own people and the people of France by means of a subsidy on the part of the two empires of 20,000,000 of francs every year from the date of the signature of this treaty to the end of the war.
ARTICLE 5. In order to establish in the Peninsula in the order of things which existed before the revolution of Cadiz, and to insure the entire execution of the articles of the present treaty, the high contracting parties give to each other the reciprocal assurance that as long as their views are not fulfilled, rejecting all other ideas of utility or other measure to be taken, they will address themselves with the shortest possible delay to all the authorities existing in their States and to all their agents in foreign countries, with the view to establish connections tending toward the accomplishment of the objects proposed by this treaty.
ARTICLE 6. This treaty shall be renewed with such changes as new circumstances may give occasion for, either at a new congress or at the court of one of the contracting parties, as soon as the war with Spain shall be terminated.
ARTICLE 7. The present treaty shall be ratified and the ratifications exchanged at Paris within the space of six months.
Made at Verona the 22nd November, 1822.
for Austria: METTERNICH for France: CHATEAUBRIAND for Prussia: BERNSTET for Russia: NESSELRODE Senator Owen: "This Holy Alliance, having put a Bourdon prince upon the throne of France by force, then used France to suppress the condition of Spain, immediately afterwards, and by this very treaty gave her a subsidy of 20,000,000 francs annually to enable her to wage war upon the people of Spain and prevent their exercise of any measure of the right of self-government. The Holy Alliance immediately did not same thing in Italy, by sending Austrian troops to Italy, where the people there attempted to exercise a like measure of liberal constitutional self-government; and it was not until the printing press, which the Holy Alliance so stoutly opposed, taught the people of Europe the value of liberty that finally one country after another seized a greater and greater right of self-government, until now it may be fairly said that nearly all the nations of Europe have a very large measure of self-government.
"However, I wish to call the attention of the Senate to this important history in the growth of constitutional popular self- government. The Holy Alliance made its powers felt by the wholesale drastic suppression of the press in Europe, by universal censorship, by killing free speech and all ideas of popular rights, and by the complete suppression of popular government. The Holy Alliance having destroyed popular government in Spain, and Italy, had well-laid plains also to destroy popular government in the American Colonies which had revolted from Spain and Portugal in Central and South America under the influence of the successful example of the United States."
"It was because of this conspiracy against the American Republics by the European monarchies that the great English statesman, Canning, called the attention of our government to it, and our statesmen then, including Thomas Jefferson, who was still living at that time, took an active part to bring about the declaration by President Monroe in his next annual message to the Congress of the United States that the United States would regard it as an act of hostility to the government of the United States and an unfriendly act, if this coalition, or if any power of Europe ever undertook to establish upon the American continent any control of any American republic, or to acquire any territorial rights.
"This is the so-called Monroe Doctrine. The threat under the secret treaty of Verona to suppress popular government in the American republics is the basis of the Monroe Doctrine. This secret treaty sets fourth clearly the conflict between monarchial government and popular government, and the government of the few as against the government on the many."
(Senator Owen, Congressional Record 1916)
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1892 - A Concerted Move to dethrone Queen Liliuokalani progressed:
Lorrin A. Thurston, American, conspirator, treasonous person, offered to purchase the Hawaiian Islands for approximately $60,000.
A. U.S. agent through the Annexation Club offered Queen Liliuokalani $250,000 to purchase the Hawaiian Islands.
U.S. Secretary of the Navy, B..F. Tracy, met with Makua Valley rancher, Samuel Andrews, a nephew of Lorrin Thurston during the "preliminary contemplation ......of overthrowing the Monarchy" and talk about annexation after.
Hawaiian Kingdom employees in Washington, D.C. Dr. Mott-Smith and Thomas Akaka (ancestor of Daniel Akaka promoter of the Akaka Bill presently pushing criminal assumptions of all lands, assets, identity(ies) of all kanaka maoli) consulted, confided, planned the dethronement of Queen Liliuokalani and assume lands, assets, resources, etc. with communications from Sanford B. Dole, Lorrin Thurston, U.S. President Benjamin Harrison, Congress, et. als.
May 24. Cousin to Queen Liliuokalani Robert Wilcox, and Englishman Volney V. Ashford were arrested for Treason in Hawaii. "On the morning of the 21st...twenty persons charged with the crime of treason against the Hawaiian Government were arrested. Their object was the overthrow of the existing form of government by deposing Queen Liliuokalani and establishing a Hawaiian republic."
Robert Wilcox did try to overthow King David Kalakaua, also a cousin, and "he and his associates were convicted on like charges, they were promptly pardoned"..........Wilcox "was elected to the Legislature."
"The leaders of the movement are understood to be Voleny V. Ashford and Robert Wilcox, the well-known agitators."
Read: THE NEW YORK TIMES, published June 1, 1892.''
"The penalty for treason is death; for conspiracy imprisonment, not to exceed ten years, and a fine of $1,000."
Read also articles "The Hawaiian Conspirators", THE NEW YORK TIMES, and "Trials for treason in Hawaii do not seem to be very fruitful in results...:, THE NEW YORK TIMES, Thursday, July 14, 1892.
Note: It appears that this and previous moves to dethrone cousins King David Kalakaua, and his sister Queen Liliuokalani by Robert Wilcox and 19 others shows trial runs, testing over what was to come......Robert Wilcox appears to have been supported by the U.S., and Volney Ashford supported by England, etc.
- 1892 Conspirators planned to dethrone Queen Liliuokalani: - Lorrin Thurston and Benjamin F. Tracy, U.S. Representative met with Thurston in Makua, Oahu on the 'preliminary contemplation of dethroning the Queen'. - Dr. Mott-Smith, Lorrin Thurston, Thomas Akaka etals. planned to dethrone Queen Liliuokalani in Washington, D.C. - May 24. Volney V. Ashford and Robert Wilcox with 18 others were "charged with the crime of treason against the Hawaiian Government" and arrested. "Their object was the overthrow of the existing form of government, by deposing Queen Liliuokalani and establishing a Hawaiian republic." Note: It appears that this was a trial run for the January 1893 premeditated plan to dethrone the Queen seven (7) months later or January 1893. See article "Arrests for Treason in Hawaii" in THE NEW YORK TIMES, published June 1, 1892. - Masons/Freemasons gathered, paraded by the hundreds and celebrated a new building/a Temple and called Honolulu their "home city". (This happened in December 1892 or a few weeks before dethroning our Queen.) Note: Masons/Freemasons were set in place to break down Monarchy governments worldwide. Also see the 1822 Secret Treaty of Verona's goals. Once again, Robert Wilcox and others, tried to take over the Hawaiian Kingdom. Once again he was tried for treason, and he was released. Robert Wilcox appeared to be testing his cousins to help the Americans. Many people tried to pay the Queen for the Hawaiian Islands. They claimed to be Hawaiian subjects but were actually Americans and treasonous, criminals to the Hawaiian Kingdom. Even the U.S. President McKinley and U.S. President Grover Cleveland were in on it with England and the bankers (Morgan bankers, Bank of England, and others). They planned the takeover of our Hawaiian Kingdom since they started to say that Bernice Pauahi Bishop was the last of the Kamehameha's. That was a lie! Many descendants existed then and exists today.
- Other New World Order/One World Order Activists - Masons/Freemasons: The following article appeared in the Hawaiian newspapers before the criminal dethronement of our Queen Liliuokalani: Hawaiian Gazette, Honolulu, Tuesday, January 3, 1893 (note: Queen Liliuokalani was wrongfully dethroned on Tuesday, January 17, 1893, exactly two (2) weeks later.)
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1893. Jan 15
Men from the cruiser BOSTON "poured ashore....to protect American lives and property," according to United States Minister John L. Stevens. The action came a day before the committee of safety took possession of the government office building and abrogated the monarchy, forcing Queen Liliuokalani from her throne."
"The "Committee of Safety" was formed and the conspiracy for the immediate dethronement of the Queen took definite shape and began active operations."
Some of the soldiers who came off the ship to place duress upon our Queen, our subjects on January 15 or 2 days BEFORE dethroning our Queen
"Three companies of bluejackets, one of artillery, one of marines, 154 men and 10 officers; with 14,000 cartridges for rifles and the Gatling gun, 1,200 revolver cartridges, and 174 explosive shells for the revolving cannon." came off the Boston.
January 15, 1893 -Sunday- Queen Liliuokalani discarded the Bayonnet Constitution.
January 15, 1893 -Sunday - Prayers and speechʻs made; unlawful public gathering with the intentions to pursue treasonous and terrorist activities.
note(s): Refer to the article about Lynching - see back issues of the IOLANI - The Royal Hawk/ book - Shadows In the Light by Amelia Kuulei Gora ( regarding Church meetings prior to the intended crimes.).
Briefly, the Whites attended Church, prayed, then moved to LYNCH blacks /People of Color in the South. In other words, they prayed before they moved in to physically, emotionally, spiritually, etc. KILL.
Queen Liliuokalani destroyed the Constitution, which gave her authority once more unrestricted by a Constitution which her brother had signed under duress, stress, coercion, usurpation which was dubbed "the Bayonnet Constitution".
Franklin Pratt whose job was to maintain the books on the Crown Lands did document protest in the SAN FRANCISCO CHRONICLES February 17, and February 19, 1893 issues. He maintained that it was a private trust and the Crown Lands were treated as the private properties of the Royals and maintained claims for his wife Kekaaniau because she was a descendant of Kamehameha's brother named Kalokuokamaile.
Franklin Pratt did document a protest in the Congressional Hearings. Research incomplete.
The Provisional government, an entity neither de facto nor de jure, claimed to transfer the Crown Lands under the name "ceded lands" to the U.S.
The U.S. then claimed to transfer the "ceded lands" to the partners in crime, the American terrorists, conspirators, treasonous persons, etc. and making it appear that they were lawful when actually the U.S. did breach the Law of Nations, criminally pirated the assets of a neutral, non-violent, friendly, non-warring nation recognized under the Law of Nations who was not at war.
The U.S. was bankrupt, along with England. (More conspiracies/piraces have been uncovered and explored in other writings.)
Under stress, duress, usurpation, coercion, etc. “The Queen held her throne through her oath and Constitution, and Abdicated when She Declared Herself Above Them.”
190 subjects of the Kingdom of Hawaii were imprisoned, 137 were charged with “treason and open rebellion; 141 “treason” and 12 “misprision (of treason).” 22 exiled to the United States; three were deported to Canada; five were given suspended sentences; five were acquitted. Several were fined and given sentences of hard labor.
Queen Liliuokalani, aged 57, was placed on Trial in the Iolani Palace Throne Room, minus the stolen kahili’s (decors), minus the stolen portraits, minus the stolen rugs/ carpets, minus the stolen gold and crimson chairs, etc., by a military commission composed of the entity group calling themselves a de facto government supported by the United States.
*Note: The furniture, plates, personal jewelry, dinner plates, silverware, etc. were stolen, auctioned from the Iolani Palace. The carpets were cut into pieces and sold as souveniers of the Iolani Palace, etc. Pieces have slowly been returned or purchased by the Friends of the Iolani Palace, etc.
In Washington, “Morgan, Chairman of the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, today presented the report of the investigations of that committee made under a resolution requiring it to report “whether any, and if so what irregularities occurred in the diplomatic or other intercourse between the United States and Hawaii in relation to the secret political revolution in Hawaii.
The report is prepared by Morgan and concurred in by Frye, Dolph and Davis, Republican members of the committee, who make also a supplemental report….Morgan begins with the proposition that this Government in dealing with any form of government in Hawaii, can have no break in its line of policy corresponding to any change in the office of President. It is in all respects the same government as if under the same President during the entire period. The President, however, has the right to change his opinion and policy, but it must be regarded as a change of mind in the same person.
1897 – “Edward H. Harriman and Kuhn, ** Note: OPPOSITION to
Loeb, and Company agreed upon the ** Annexation documented and
Reorganization of the Union Pacific…they ** rediscovered in the Library
Decided to finance the undertaking through ** of Congress–21,000 of 40,000
City Bank….involving a payment of over ** signatures. Only 3,000
$45,000,000 in cash to the United States ** Americans were for U.S.
Government” (page 65-66)
1898 – “Pierpont Morgan was …a towering
figure in the railroad and banking world.”
(page 31)
Spanish-American War. The American ** Note: Investigations years
Battleship MAINE was claimed to have been ** after indicates the Americans
Bombed by the Spaniards. **Bombed their own ship to
**Create a War.
** Cuba was made independent.
** Philippines, Puerto Rico, etc.
** Became Occupied by U.S.
** Warmonger Roosevelt said,
** “that was a splendid little
** war.”
THE USE OF HAWAII’S
MONIES, FOOD, DRINK,
For WAR is documented.
The United States became an arm of the Vatican through the Papal Bulls authority, also known as the Christian International Laws validating the PLUNDERING UPON Barbaric cultures, societies.
Illuminating Company of New York” occurred with
Oliver H. Payne, large stockholder of Standard Oil,
Who also “had secured control of the Consolidated
Gas Company of New York”. “By one stroke all the
Lighting companies in New York City were brought
Under one control.” (page 69)
“Money was cheap, credit was everywhere
available, and prosperity was rising throughout the
country. All the important railroad reorganizations,
as we have seen, had been carried through, and the
great bankers, whose coffers swelled with huge
underwriting commissions, were looking for new
business.
The Diary of the Queen
Note: The haole/foreigners/Americans/ Congress deprived her and her subjects, even after Oppositions were made through the KUE Petition. She had been imprisoned, her belongings were removed by treasonous persons, she had been arrested and called treasonous by the Pirates. She was pardoned. The Hawaiian Kingdom was under martial law.
1901 – “Morgan paid (Carnegie-steel business)…
was equivalent to a cash price of over $447,000,000.
This was represented by giving Carnegie and his
Associates $303,450,000 in bonds and nearly two
Hundred million dollars’ worth of stock which
Immediately had a market value of about
$144,000,000. It was the greatest sale in the history
of the world.” (pages 82-83)
“Morgan launched the United States Steel Corporation.”
“The stock capitalization was in excess of a billion
dollars, with a bonded debt of more than three hundred
millions, and both the big banking groups of Wall Street
were firmly tied to the enterprise. The great merger
dominated by Morgan drew into its orbit even the
Standard Oil “Money Power.” Among the big names
Included in the syndicate, aside from Morgan and his
Partners, were H.H. Rogers and Daniel O’Day of
Standard Oil; Marshall Field, William H. Moore,
James H. Moore, Elbert H. Gary, John W. Gates, H. H.
Porter, and Norman B. Ream, of Chicago; Samuel Mather
Of Cleveland; Nathaniel Thayer of Boston; and Danie G.
Reid, Henry C. F rick, Charles M. Schwab, and D.O.
Mills, of New York. So under the control of a single
Corporation passed seventy per cent of the American
Iron and steel industry. That industry, instead of being
Operated on the old plan of individual control or
Independent corporate control, was now linked with
Scores of banks of great power, with railroads, and
With numerous other corporate undertakings.” (page 88)
1903 – “The United Steel Corporation failed to earn its
dividends, its great issue of common stock fell to a few
dollars a share…”(page 110)
1904 – The U.S. Supreme Court decision ordered the
“dissolution of the Northern Securities Company.”
(page 110)
1906 – “New York banks reported a deficit in
reserves and appealed to the United States Treasury
for surplus gold. This timely deposit afforded
temporary relief; but the year closed in strain.”
(page 140)
1907 – “During these years Morgan formed the great
shipping combination known as the International
Mercantile Marine Company, which absorbed the
White Star Line, the American Line, the Red Star
Line, the Leyland Line, and many other transatlantic
Companies……The leading lines between New York
And England, which included the Cunard Line, the
White Star, and the American Line…” (page 110)
“The new Morgan combination, being under American
control and financed by American capital, could not
enjoy these benefits. Moreover, as soon as the new
combination began to compete aggresively with
the Cundard and German lines, both the English
and German Governments came to the rescue with
further large subsidies and benefits.” (page 111)
“During a long period the Morgan firm had been
closely identified with the General Electric Company,
a great manufacturing concern which had been
building up a world-wide industry.” (page 112)
continue at: https://iolani-theroyal.blogspot.com/2020/11/the-federal-reserve-ow... appears that Google has blacked out the important portions of the post!