Patent name: manufacturing method of medium and high temperature heat pump device
technical field:
the invention belongs to cold and heat source equipment for air conditioning and heating.
At present, many domestic manufacturers of heat pump air conditioning units can only provide about 50 ℃ heating water. The design water supply temperature of the central air conditioning system produced by Tsinghua Tongfang Co., Ltd. can only reach 52 ℃. Heating with hot water of about 50 ℃ can only rely on fan coil units, but not the most commonly used cast iron radiator. The application of fan coil unit will increase a lot of investment, which is not suitable for ordinary wage earners. If the heat pump units of existing manufacturers are used to provide heat supply water above 70 ℃, the condensation pressure will exceed 40 bar, which will lead to the rapid burning of the compressor, and the unsafe risks caused by high pressure will also be greatly increased.
In order to improve the utilization rate of geothermal resources or industrial waste heat, and reach the national emission standard; on the other hand, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an efficient medium and high temperature heat pump device on the principle of not increasing the burden of heating users and still adopting the common cast iron type heat dissipation.
The structural device of the invention is shown in the figure. The medium and high temperature heat pump device has totally closed or semi closed compressor (1), condenser (2) and evaporator (8) are plate heat exchangers. The above three equipment and expansion valve (7) are the four key components of compression heat pump system. Superheater (9) and subcooler (4) are special components for improving the energy efficiency ratio of the system. They are both shell and tube heat exchangers. takeThe above components are connected in the order shown in the figure to form a heat pump device. One end of the expansion valve (5) is connected with the inlet of one side (inside the pipe) of the supercooler (4), the outlet of the side is connected with the compressor (1), and the other end of the expansion valve (5) is connected in parallel with the inlet of the other side (outside the pipe) of the supercooler (4) and the back pressure regulating valve (10). The drying filter (6), liquid storage tank (3) and two back pressure regulating valves (10) are auxiliary equipment for ensuring long-term safe operation of the system. The circulating working medium of medium and high temperature unit is composed of monochlorodifluoromethane (R22), dichlorodifluoroethane (R142b) and dichlorodifluoromethane (R21), with mass percentage of r22,34% - 46%, R142b 12% - 28%, r21,37% - 48%. R22 / R152a / R21 can also be used, with mass percentage ratio of r22,44% - 58%; R152a, 9% - 16% R21, 37% - 48%, or R22 / R21, with mass ratio of r22,38% - 50%; R21, 50% - 62%.
For dc inverter heat pump monoblock the nomenclature of refrigerants (working fluids), the unified rule R (m-1) (n + 1) (x) (y) (z) is adopted, and its molecular formula is cmhnfxclybr2, and N + X + y + Z = 2m + 2. If there is a or B after the code, it indicates isomerism.
The invention adopts a subcooler (4) and a superheater (9), wherein the tube and shell type sub cooler (4) flows through the tube and shell type sub cooler to replaceThe hot fluid inside and outside the pipe is the mixed working medium in the system. A small amount of working fluid in the pipe is cooled by the expansion valve (5), and a large amount of fluid outside the pipe will flow through the expansion valve (7) and absorb the heat of geothermal tail water (geothermal water to be discharged after utilization) in the evaporator (8). The fluid flowing through both sides (inside and outside the tube) of the heat exchanger (9) is mixed working fluid and a small amount of geothermal tail water. The efficiency of the heat pump is improved by using a new non azeotropic working fluid and a special pipe connection in the sub cooler (4). Two back pressure control valves can precisely control the condensation temperature and evaporation temperature of the mixture to ensure the design requirements are met.
When one of the three circulating working fluids is injected into the medium and high temperature heat pump device, the following technical indexes can be achieved: evaporation temperature is about 25 ℃, condensation temperature is above 80 ℃, condensation pressure is lower than 24 bar, and energy efficiency ratio of the system is above 3 (energy efficiency ratio energy used for heating per unit time / electric energy consumed by compressor per unit time). It can reduce the drainage of about 40 ℃ to below 30 ℃ and meet the national emission standard. The heating water temperature can be increased to above 70 ℃ and the maximum temperature can reach 88 ℃. It can meet the temperature requirements of ordinary cast iron radiator.
The key to the application of the invention technology is to have suitable low-temperature heat source, such as geothermal tail water and industrial water, and the appropriate waste heat is 40 ℃. Only by calculating the components of heat pump system according to the size of heat supply, can the circulating working medium operate reasonably and get ideal operation effect. The utilization rate of geothermal energy or industrial waste heat can be improved by using this device as a cold and heat source equipment,It is a high-tech product combining energy conservation and environmental protection.
The medium and high temperature heat pump device comprises a compressor (1), a condenser (2), a liquid storage tank (3), a supercooler (4), an expansion valve (5), (7), a drying filter (6), an evaporator (8), a superheater (9), a regulating valve (10), and a circulating working medium is composed of dichlorodifluoromethane (R22), dichlorodifluoromethane (R21), dichlorodifluoroethane (R142b) and difluoroethane (R152a), which is characterized in that One end of the expansion valve (5) is connected to the inlet of one side of the supercooler (4), the outlet of the side is connected with the compressor (1), the other end of the expansion valve (5) is connected in parallel with the inlet of the other side of the supercooler (4) and the back pressure regulating valve (10). The circulating working medium in the device is composed of chlorodifluoromethane (R22), dichlorodifluoroethane (R142b) and dichloro fluoromethane (R21) The mass ratio of r22,34% - 46%; R142b, 12% - 28%; r21,37% - 48%.
2. The medium and high temperature heat pump device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the circulating working fluid can also be composed of R22 / R152a / R21, with mass percentage ratio of r22,44% - 58%, R152a, 9% - 16%, r21,37% - 48%, or R22 / R21, with mass ratio of r22,38% - 50% and r21,50%-62％。
the medium and high temperature heat pump device has four key components: compressor, condenser, evaporator and expansion valve. The subcooler and the special expansion valve are set up to improve the energy efficiency ratio. The invention adopts non azeotropic multicomponent working fluids with low environmental damage, such as R22, R142b, R152a, R21, etc. When one of the different working fluids is poured into the heat pump, the evaporation temperature is about 25 ℃, the condensation temperature is above 80 ℃, the condensation pressure is lower than 24 bar, and the energy efficiency ratio of the system is above 3. It can reduce the drainage of about 40 ℃ to below 30 ℃, and the heating water temperature can be increased to above 70 ℃, and the highest temperature can reach 88 ℃.
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