Footnote:
13. "Act of March 3, 1871, 16 Stat. 544,566. This Act "provided that hereafter no Indian nation or tribe within the territory of the United States shall be acknowledged or recognized as an independent nation, tribe, or power with whom the Untied States may contact by treaty."
A Case for Reparations for Native Hawaiians
by Karen N. Blondin
" As time passed, the Federal Government began to encroach upon the internal sovereignty that they had allowed the Indians to keep. In 1834, Congress created the bureau of Indian Affairs (hereinafter "BIA") and after 1837, Indians no longer received direct payment for land ceded or sold--Congress providing that proceeds of such sales to be kept in the Treasury and distributed for Indian benefit. Congress continued to pass other measures narrowing the Indians' ability to determine their future or maintain tribal autonomy. Finally, in the Indian Appropriations Act of 1871, Congress legislated away an Indian Tribe's rights to contract with the United States by treaty. Thus began a new period wherein Indian tribes were controlled by unilateral agreements and statues, and denied much of the sovereign status previously enjoyed."
Thank you Tane, ...so true
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