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  • ARTICLE IV

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    SECTION 1

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    Full Faith and Credit shall be given in each State to the public Acts, Records, and judicial Proceedings of every other State. And the Congress may by general Laws prescribe the Manner in which such Acts, Records and Proceedings shall be proved, and the Effect thereof.



    SECTION 2

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    The Citizens of each State shall be entitled to all Privileges and Immunities of Citizens in the several States.


    A Person charged in any State with Treason, Felony, or other Crime, who shall flee from Justice, and be found in another State, shall on Demand of the executive Authority of the State from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the State having Jurisdiction of the Crime.


    No Person held to Service or Labour in one State, under the Laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in Consequence of any Law or Regulation therein, be discharged from such Service or Labour, but shall be delivered up on Claim of the Party to whom such Service or Labour may be due.



    SECTION 3

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    New States may be admitted by the Congress into this Union; but no new State shall be formed or erected within the Jurisdiction of any other State; nor any State be formed by the Junction of two or more States, or Parts of States, without the Consent of the Legislatures of the States concerned as well as of the Congress.


    The Congress shall have Power to dispose of and make all needful Rules and Regulations respecting the Territory or other Property belonging to the United States; and nothing in this Constitution shall be so construed as to Prejudice any Claims of the United States, or of any particular State.



    SECTION 4

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    The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Union a Republican Form of Government, and shall protect each of them against Invasion; and on Application of the Legislature, or of the Executive (when the Legislature cannot be convened) against domestic Violence.




    ARTICLE V

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    The Congress, whenever two thirds of both Houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose Amendments to this Constitution, or, on the Application of the Legislatures of two thirds of the several States, shall call a Convention for proposing Amendments, which, in either Case, shall be valid to all Intents and Purposes, as Part of this Constitution, when ratified by the Legislatures of three fourths of the several States, or by Conventions in three fourths thereof, as the one or the other Mode of Ratification may be proposed by the Congress; Provided that no Amendment which may be made prior to the Year One thousand eight hundred and eight shall in any Manner affect the first and fourth Clauses in the Ninth Section of the first Article; and that no State, without its Consent, shall be deprived of its equal Suffrage in the Senate.



    ARTICLE VI

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    All Debts contracted and Engagements entered into, before the Adoption of this Constitution, shall be as valid against the United States under this Constitution, as under the Confederation.


    This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States which shall be made in Pursuance thereof; and all Treaties made, or which shall be made, under the Authority of the United States, shall be the supreme Law of the Land; and the Judges in every State shall be bound thereby, any Thing in the Constitution or Laws of any state to the Contrary notwithstanding.


    The Senators and Representatives before mentioned, and the Members of the several State Legislatures, and all executive and judicial Officers, both of the United States and of the several States, shall be bound by Oath or Affirmation, to support this Constitution; but no religious Test shall ever be required as a Qualification to any Office or public Trust under the United States.



    ARTICLE VII

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    The Ratification of the Conventions of nine States, shall be sufficient for the Establishment of this Constitution between the States so ratifying the Same.


    DONE in Convention by the Unanimous Consent of the States present the Seventeenth Day of September in the Year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and Eighty seven and of the Independence of the United States of America the Twelfth. In WITNESS whereof We have hereunto subscribed our Names,


    Go. Washington-


    Presidt and deputy from Virginia


    New Hampshire: John Langdon, Nicholas Gilman.


    Massachusetts: Nathaniel Gorham, Rufus King.


    Connecticut: Wm. Saml. Johnson, Roger Sherman.


    New York: Alexander Hamilton.


    New Jersey: Wil: Livingston, David Brearley, Wm. Paterson, Jona. Dayton.


    Pennsylvania: B. Franklin, Robt. Morris, Tho: Fitzsimons, James Wilson, Thomas Mifflin, Geo. Clymer, Jared Ingersoll, Gouv: Morris.


    Delaware: Geo: Read, John Dickinson, Jaco: Broom, Gunning Bedford, Jun'r, Richard Bassett.


    Maryland: James M'Henry, Danl Carroll, Dan: of St. Thos. Jenifer.


    Virginia: John Blair, James Madison, Jr.


    North Carolina: Wm. Blount, Hu. Williamson, Rich’d Dobbs Spaight.


    South Carolina: J. Rutledge, Charles Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, Pierce Butler.


    Georgia William: Few, Abr. Baldwin


    Attest: William Jackson, Secretary.



    AMENDMENT I

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    Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.



    AMENDMENT II

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    A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.



    AMENDMENT III

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    No Soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.



    AMENDMENT IV

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    The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.



    AMENDMENT V

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    No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.



    AMENDMENT VI

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    In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defence.



    AMENDMENT VII

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    In Suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury, shall be otherwise re-examined in any Court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law.



    AMENDMENT VIII

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    Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.



    AMENDMENT IX

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    The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.



    AMENDMENT X

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    The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.



    AMENDMENT XI

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    The Judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by Citizens of another State, or by Citizens or Subjects of any Foreign State.



    AMENDMENT XII

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    The Electors shall meet in their respective states and vote by ballot for President and Vice-President, one of whom, at least, shall not be an inhabitant of the same state with themselves; they shall name in their ballots the person voted for as President, and in distinct ballots the person voted for as Vice-President, and they shall make distinct lists of all persons voted for as President, and of all persons voted for as Vice-President, and of the number of votes for each, which lists they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the seat of the government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate;-The President of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the certificates and the votes shall then be counted;-The person having the greatest Number of votes for President, shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed; and if no person have such majority, then from the persons having the highest numbers not exceeding three on the list of those voted for as President, the House of Representatives shall choose immediately, by ballot, the President. But in choosing the President, the votes shall be taken by states, the representation from each state having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two-thirds of the states, and a majority of all the states shall be necessary to a choice. And if the House of Representatives shall not choose a President whenever the right of choice shall devolve upon them, before the fourth day of March next following, then the Vice-President shall act as President, as in the case of the death or other constitutional disability of the President-The person having the greatest number of votes as Vice-President, shall be the Vice-President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed, and if no person have a majority, then from the two highest numbers on the list, the Senate shall choose the Vice-President; a quorum for the purpose shall consist of two-thirds of the whole number of Senators, and a majority of the whole number shall be necessary to a choice. But no person constitutionally ineligible to the office of President shall be eligible to that of Vice-President of the United States.



    AMENDMENT XIII

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    SECTION 1

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    Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.



    SECTION 2

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    Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.




    AMENDMENT XIV

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    SECTION 1

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    All persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.



    SECTION 2

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    Representatives shall be apportioned among the several States according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of persons in each State, excluding Indians not taxed. But when the right to vote at any election for the choice of electors for President and Vice President of the United States, Representatives in Congress, the Executive and Judicial officers of a State, or the members of the Legislature thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such State, being twenty-one years of age, and citizens of the United States, or in any way abridged, except for participation in rebellion, or other crime, the basis of representation therein shall be reduced in the proportion which the number of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number of male citizens twenty-one years of age in such State.



    SECTION 3

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    No person shall be a Senator or Representative in Congress, or elector of President and Vice President, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United States, or under any State, who, having previously taken an oath, as a member of Congress, or as an officer of the United States, or as a member of any State legislature, or as an executive or judicial officer of any State, to support the Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. But Congress may by a vote of two-thirds of each House, remove such disability.



    SECTION 4

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    The validity of the public debt of the United States, authorized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and bounties for services in suppressing insurrection or rebellion, shall not be questioned. But neither the United States nor any State shall assume or pay any debt or obligation incurred in aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United States, or any claim for the loss or emancipation of any slave; but all such debts, obligations and claims shall be held illegal and void.



    SECTION 5

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    The Congress shall have power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this article.




    AMENDMENT XV

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    SECTION 1

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    The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.



    SECTION 2

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    The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.




    AMENDMENT XVI

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    The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes on incomes, from whatever source derived, without apportionment among the several States, and without regard to any census or enumeration.



    • AMENDMENT XVII

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      The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, elected by the people thereof, for six years; and each Senator shall have one vote. The electors in each State shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the State legislatures.


      When vacancies happen in the representation of any State in the Senate, the executive authority of such State shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies: Provided, That the legislature of any State may empower the executive thereof to make temporary appointments until the people fill the vacancies by election as the legislature may direct.


      This amendment shall not be so construed as to affect the election or term of any Senator chosen before it becomes valid as part of the Constitution.



      AMENDMENT XVIII

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      SECTION 1

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      After one year from the ratification of this article the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof from the United States and all territory subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes is hereby prohibited.



      SECTION 2

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      The Congress and the several States shall have concurrent power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.



      SECTION 3

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      This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by the legislatures of the several States, as provided in the Constitution, within seven years from the date of the submission hereof to the States by the Congress.




      AMENDMENT XIX

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      The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex.


      Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.



      AMENDMENT XX

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      SECTION 1

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      The terms of the President and Vice President shall end at noon on the 20th day of January, and the terms of Senators and Representatives at noon on the 3d day of January, of the years in which such terms would have ended if this article had not been ratified; and the terms of their successors shall then begin.



      SECTION 2

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      The Congress shall assemble at least once in every year, and such meeting shall begin at noon on the 3d day of January, unless they shall by law appoint a different day.



      SECTION 3

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      If, at the time fixed for the beginning of the term of the President, the President elect shall have died, the Vice President elect shall become President. If a President shall not have been chosen before the time fixed for the beginning of his term, or if the President elect shall have failed to qualify, then the Vice President elect shall act as President until a President shall have qualified; and the Congress may by law provide for the case wherein neither a President elect nor a Vice President elect shall have qualified, declaring who shall then act as President, or the manner in which one who is to act shall be selected, and such person shall act accordingly until a President or Vice President shall have qualified.



      SECTION 4

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      The Congress may by law provide for the case of the death of any of the persons from whom the House of Representatives may choose a President whenever the right of choice shall have devolved upon them, and for the case of the death of any of the persons from whom the Senate may choose a Vice President whenever the right of choice shall have devolved upon them.



      SECTION 5

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      Sections 1 and 2 shall take effect on the 15th day of October following the ratification of this article.



      SECTION 6

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      This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several States within seven years from the date of its submission.




      AMENDMENT XXI

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      SECTION 1

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      The eighteenth article of amendment to the Constitution of the United States is hereby repealed.



      SECTION 2

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      The transportation or importation into any State, Territory, or possession of the United States for delivery or use therein of intoxicating liquors, in violation of the laws thereof, is hereby prohibited.



      SECTION 3

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      This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by conventions in the several States, as provided in the Constitution, within seven years from the date of the submission hereof to the States by the Congress.




      AMENDMENT XXII

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      SECTION 1

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      No person shall be elected to the office of the President more than twice, and no person who has held the office of President, or acted as President, for more than two years of a term to which some other person was elected President shall be elected to the office of the President more than once. But this Article shall not apply to any person holding the office of President, when this Article was proposed by the Congress, and shall not prevent any person who may be holding the office of President, or acting as President, during the term within which this Article becomes operative from holding the office of President or acting as President during the remainder of such term.



      SECTION 2

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      This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several States within seven years from the date of its submission to the States by the Congress.




      AMENDMENT XXIII

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      SECTION 1

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      The District constituting the seat of Government of the United States shall appoint in such manner as the Congress may direct:


      A number of electors of President and Vice President equal to the whole number of Senators and Representatives in Congress to which the District would be entitled if it were a State, but in no event more than the least populous State; they shall be in addition to those appointed by the States, but they shall be considered, for the purposes of the election of President and Vice President, to be electors appointed by a State; and they shall meet in the District and perform such duties as provided by the twelfth article of amendment.



      SECTION 2

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      The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.




      AMENDMENT XXIV

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      SECTION 1

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      The right of citizens of the United States to vote in any primary or other election for President or Vice President for electors for President or Vice President, or for Senator or Representative in Congress, shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or any State by reason of failure to pay any poll tax or other tax.



      SECTION 2

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      The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.




      AMENDMENT XXV

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      SECTION 1

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      In case of the removal of the President from office or of his death or resignation, the Vice President shall become President.



      SECTION 2

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      Whenever there is a vacancy in the office of the Vice President, the President shall nominate a Vice President who shall take office upon confirmation by a majority vote of both Houses of Congress.



      SECTION 3

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      Whenever the President transmits to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives his written declaration that he is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, and until he transmits to them a written declaration to the contrary, such powers and duties shall be discharged by the Vice President as Acting President.



      SECTION 4

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      Whenever the Vice President and a majority of either the principal officers of the executive departments or of such other body as Congress may by law provide, transmit to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives their written declaration that the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, the Vice President shall immediately assume the powers and duties of the office as Acting President.


      Thereafter, when the President transmits to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives his written declaration that no inability exists, he shall resume the powers and duties of his office unless the Vice President and a majority of either the principal officers of the executive department or of such other body as Congress may by law provide, transmit within four days to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives their written declaration that the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office. Thereupon Congress shall decide the issue, assembling within forty-eight hours for that purpose if not in session. If the Congress, within twenty-one days after receipt of the latter written declaration, or, if Congress is not in session, within twenty-one days after Congress is required to assemble, determines by two-thirds vote of both Houses that the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, the Vice President shall continue to discharge the same as Acting President; otherwise, the President shall resume the powers and duties of his office.




      AMENDMENT XXVI

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      SECTION 1

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      The right of citizens of the United States, who are eighteen years of age or older, to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of age.



      SECTION 2

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      The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.




      AMENDMENT XXVII

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      No law varying the compensation for the services of the Senators and Representatives shall take effect, until an election of Representatives shall have intervened.
      *******************************************



      Re: Karenhudes Contact Detail

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      Karen Hudes 

      9:50 AM (14 hours ago)
          
      to me
      No, I will not help you, as Royals are cabal.  Any ownership claim was lost under the Statute of Limitations.  Please do not contact me again, as this is wasting both of our time.



      From: [karenhudes] <noreply@kahudes.net>
      Sent: Sunday, April 23, 2017 6:13 AM
      To: karenhudes@hotmail.com
      Subject: Karenhudes Contact Details
       
      From: Amelia Gora <hawaiianhistory@gmail.com>
      Subject: Queen  Liliuokalani and Bernice Pauahi Bishop Trusts

      Message Body:
      Our Royal Families are the legal Trust Owners.  The current Trusts in operation do not have the alodio titles to lands in the Hawaiian Islands.

      The Queen Liliuokalani Trust's Agreement was claimed to be a Deed and the Trustees have perpetuated a crime.

      Interests remain in our Royal Families names under Kahakuhuakoi/Kaaumoana et.als. 

      http://iolani-theroyalhawk.blogspot.com/2017/04/vol-vi-no647-wednes...

      http://iolani-theroyalhawk.blogspot.com/2017/04/good-news-queen-lil...


      http://iolani-theroyalhawk.blogspot.com/2017/04/king-kalakaua-was-k... 
      Hawaiian Last King Kalakaua Killed by Drugs New Evidence Says UH Researchers Misrepresented U. S. Navy Surgeon General's Autopsy Report,...



      Queen Liliuokalani's True Trustees are our families.

      Bernice Pauahi Bishop was Not the only heir.... our families are from her siblings, genealogies, research has been uncovered after intense researches.

      Major racketeering, piracy, pillaging are active in the Hawaiian Islands.

      We hope you will be able to help us.... we are part of the staff of the Kingdom of Hawaii.

      My elected position is the Acting Liaison of Foreign Affairs.

      The Kamehameha's Trusts are part of what our families own, including the gold "Coins of the Realm", the gold bullion, etc.

      Please assist us.

      Thank you.

      --
      This mail is sent via contact form on kahudes http://kahudes.net/contact-us/
      Karen Hudes Law Offices of Karen Hudes 5203 Falmouth Road Bethesda, MD 20816 202 316 0684
    • ONCE UPON A BAR - Includes KAREN HUDES or The Kingdom of Hawaii Supports the Constitution of the United States of America and Exposing Those Who Do Not Such As the Bar (includes Karen Hudes, et.als.) Members, etc.

                          ONCE UPON A BAR - Includes KAREN HUDES

                                                               or

      The Kingdom of Hawaii Supports the Constitution of the United States of America and Exposing Those Who Do Not Such As the Bar (includes Karen Hudes, et.als.) Members, etc.

                                                                      researched by Amelia Gora (2017)


      The following is for the purpose of educating those who fail to do their homework:

      There is No Statute of Limitations on Fraud.
      Royal persons are Not Subject to the Laws.
           Reference:  Victoria Kamamalu's Probate page 14, First Circuit Court, Archives, Honolulu, Oahu, Kingdom of Hawaii Records.
      Treaties are the Supreme Laws of the Land.
           Reference:  U.S./United States of America Constitution of 1789
      1789 - United States of America Constitution signed.
      1822 - Secret Treaty of Verona
      Book:  WHERE IS GOD IN THE EUROPEAN WAR?
       
      1849/1850 -  The Kingdom of Hawaii and the United States of America ratified the Treaty which supports the United States of America Constitution.
      1871 - Secret Constitution Drafted - According to Karen Hudes, World Bank Whistleblower
      1893 -  Premeditation to take over, assume a neutral, friendly nation - the Kingdom of Hawaii - was made by American Businessmen with the  active support of the United States of America.
      Queen Liliuokalani was wrongfully dethroned.  Treasonous persons engaged in foreign conspiracies to assume a neutral, friendly nation.
      800 kanaka maoli were killed, beheaded, hung, shot, killed by sharks, scalped by the usurpers, conspirators, treasonous persons, pirates, thieves, etc.
      1897 -  U.S. President Cleveland Gave Hawaii Back to Queen Liliuokalani.
      Opposition to Annexation was made by Queen Liliuokalani and her 40,000 subjects.  To date 21,000 signature were found by researchers.
      1898 -  The Army, Navy, and Federal officials under the direction of U.S. President McKinley "developed the Territory" of the United States.
                  U.S. President McKinley Proclaimed that Hawaii was a "Territory" of the United States.  The Kingdom of Hawaii was already given Back to Queen Liliuokalani'.  
                   U.S. President McKinley was a documented pirate, pillager, conspirator, racketeer along with the conspirators who illegally dethroned the Queen in 1893.  Under Article XIV of the 1849/1850 Treaty of the Kingdom of Hawaii and the United States of America, all were charged, most dispossessed of their lands in 2015 - 2017 from the Judicial Tribunal of the Kingdom of Hawaii.
      1899 -  The United States of America became two nations:  (1) the United States and (2) the American Empire.
      1912 -  The Attorney General of the Territory of Hawaii claimed that they were the "successor of the Kingdom of Hawaii".
      Reference:  PA PELEKANE Case (1912), First Circuit Court, Honolulu, Oahu, Hawaii
      1915 -  The Territory of Hawaii - Pan Pacific/Hawaii Tourism Authority placed Queen Liliuokalani back on the throne for a day to celebrate Pan Pacific Day/Balboa Day and to sign illegal contracts.  The Aero Club/U.S. Navy also had the Queen sign illegal contracts with them.
      The Queen was under stress, duress, usurpation, coercion, intimidation, etc.
      1917 -  Queen Liliuokalani died.
      1918 -  The Territory of Hawaii - Pan Pacific/Hawaii Tourism Authority gave themselves the right to purchase properties, etc.
      Queen Liliuokalani's subjects remained under stress, duress, usurpation, coercion, intimidation, etc.
      1933-  Bankrupt U.S.  Senate Report No. 93-549 (Note: If you wish to have a copy of this report, simply call your Senator and request it from him), consisting of 607 pages, which I believe you will find most interesting. The United States went “Bankrupt” in 1933 and was declared so by President Roosevelt by Executive Orders 6073, 6102, 6111 and Executive Order 6260 [See: Senate Report 93-549, pgs 187 & 594 under the “Trading With the Enemy Act” {Sixty-Fifth congress, Sess. I, chs. 105,106, October 6, 1917}, and as codified at 12 U.S.C.A. 95a}.
       
      Reference:  http://myweb.ecomplanet.com/GORA8037/  See John Nelson's article.
       
      1934 - The American Civil War (1863-1865) was finally paid off!  The Business of War debts for other hostilities, conflicts, wars remained unpaid.
       
      1959 - An Executive Order to make Hawaii a State of the United States and American Empire was signed by U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower.
       
      Opposition to Statehood was made by a Kamehameha descendant/heir named Harold A. Cathcart cousin of Mele Kauweloa.
       
      Note:  Mele Kauweloa is the great grandmother of the author of this article.
      1976 - United Nations, a Communist Organization - promoting "One World Order"..  
      On January 19, 1976, Marjorie S. Holt noted for the record, a second “Declaration of INTERdependence” and clearly identified the U.N. as a “Communist” organization, and that they were seeking both production and monetary control over the Union and the People through International Organizations promoting the “One World Order” [See: 8 U.S.C.A. 1101 (40), 50 U.S.C.A. 781 & 783].
       
      A Constitution promoted:
       
      ” The constitution for the Newstates of America, openly declares, among other seditious things and delusions that “Until each indicated change in the government shall have been completed the provisions of the existing constitution and the organs of government shall be in effect”. [See Article XII, Section 3] “All operations of the national government shall cease as they are replaced by those authorized under this Constitution” [See: Article XII, Section 4]. This is apparently what Burger was promoting in 1976, after he resigned as Supreme Court Justice and took up the promotion of a “Constitutional Convention.” No trial by jury is mentioned, “JUST” compensation has been removed, along with being informed of the “Nature & Cause of the Accusation”, etc.etc. and every one will, of course, participate in the “democracy.” The Constitution is but a reiteration of the Communist Doctrines, intents and purposes, and clearly establishes a “Police Power” State, under direction and control of a self appointed oligarchy.
      Reference:  http://myweb.ecomplanet.com/GORA8037/  See John Nelson's article.
      1980 -  On January 17, 1980, the President and Senate confirmed another “Constitution”, namely, the “constitution of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization”, found at Senate, Treaty Document No. 97-19, 97th Congress, 1st Session.
       
      Reference:  http://myweb.ecomplanet.com/GORA8037/  see John Nelson's article.

      1992 -  The United States Constitution was revised.

      Reference:  https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/United_States_of_Ame...

      2011 -  Kilikina Kekumano, researcher, found the Oppositions to Annexation at the Maryland Archives:

      Opposition to Annexation - page 1 (researcher Kiliwehi Kekumano found the true Opposition in Maryland) https://docs.google.com/leaf?id=0B6Gs4av5Se1wOGJmZjg4MmQtNWRjMS00NT...Opposition to Annexation Page 2 https://docs.google.com/leaf?id=0B6Gs4av5Se1wNWVlMTc0MjEtZWZiZS00Y2... Opposition to Annexation page 3 https://docs.google.com/leaf?id=0B6Gs4av5Se1wY2RjYzZmNjQtMjUxYi00Zm...Opposition to Annexation - page 4 https://docs.google.com/leaf?id=0B6Gs4av5Se1wNmY2Mzk3ZTctZDEyMy00Yz.


      2015-2017 The Judicial Tribunal of the Kingdom of Hawaii documented 851 persons/entities as pirates, pillagers applicable to the 1849/1850 Treaty of the Kingdom of Hawaii and the United States of America under article XIV.

      Reference:  http://iolani-theroyalhawk.blogspot.com/2017/01/vol-vi-no-635-legal...


      SUMMARY AND FOR THE RECORDS.................
       
      There are no statutes of limitations for fraud, conspiracies, genocide, identity theft, murder, mass murders, human rights violations, piracy(ies), pillaging, injuries against neutral, non-violent nations, Royal Families, Constitutional Monarchy government subjects, etc.
       
      The Treaty of the Kingdom of Hawaii and the United States of America was signed and ratified in 1849/1850 supporting the United States of America Constitution of 1787.
       
      Treaties are the supreme law of the land.
       
      The Treaty was one of permanent friendship and amity signed between the King, his heirs and successors and the United States of America's President Zachary Taylor.
      Not to be forgotten, the 1849/1850 Treaty of the Kingdom of Hawaii and the United States of America supported and continue to support the U.S. Constitution.  Problematic issues for those associated with the Bar, government employees fail to support the U.S. Constitution of 1787.  Posted as a reminder:
      "Note: For those of you who have read this document, if you are a Public Official, a police officer, a member of the Bar(includes Karen Hudes, et. als.), a government employee at any level of government, a member of the armed forces of the United States, or a , forgive the use of the ‘word’, politician, and are involved in any manner in helping to subvert the Constitution of the United States of America as has been described in this work in general, you are, either knowingly or unknowingly, committing treason. To me, either knowingly or unknowingly makes no difference. This was clearly spelled out at the Nuremberg trials at the end of World War II.
      Treason is Treason, and there will come a time, in the very near future, where you will be held accountable for your actions by your peers. If you escape that retribution, there will be a Final Judgment from a power far greater than any on the face of this Earth, and far more severe than any I or anyone of this earth could ever hand down onto you.(Note: For those of you who have read this document, if you are a Public Official, a police officer, a member of the Bar, a government employee at any level of government, a member of the armed forces of the United States, or a , forgive the use of the ‘word’, politician, and are involved in any manner in helping to subvert the Constitution of the United States of America as has been described in this work in general, you are, either knowingly or unknowingly, committing treason. To me, either knowingly or unknowingly makes no difference. This was clearly spelled out at the Nuremberg trials at the end of World War II.
      Treason is Treason, and there will come a time, in the very near future, where you will be held accountable for your actions by your peers. If you escape that retribution, there will be a Final Judgment from a power far greater than any on the face of this Earth, and far more severe than any I or anyone of this earth could ever hand down onto you."
       
      Reference:  
       
      research by Amelia Gora  theiolani.blogspot.com  etc.
      http://myweb.ecomplanet.com/GORA8037 see John Nelson's article
       
       
      Informing many because..............
      th_skunk.gif  
      Something STINKS...............(.and I know it's NOT ME) WICKED TO THE MAX!
      aloha.
       
      More References:

      Legal Research by Nelson

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      unidentified author, the pages were shared by a mainland researcher.....until the actual author is discovered the following remains as is with the knowledge that JOHN B. NELSON, Legal Scholar, did the research. Due to the IMPORTANT, SIGNIFICANT ISSUES DOCUMENTED, the following Information is meant for all Countries, all United States Citizens, etals. to be educated and aware of the SCHEMES, FRAUD, TREASONOUS ACTIVITIES by an Administration that is setting up to KILL INNOCENTS in the Middle East and elsewhere:
      “ The United States is Bankrupt Now
      Documented Evidence
      I hope this communication finds you well and mentally strong for the occasion. It is quite apparent that the “Treasonous” and “Seditious” are brewing up a storm of untold magnitude…. John B. Nelson December 26, 1991
      Re: Senate Report No. 93-549, Etc.
      To: The American National People, The people of the State of Colorado, U.S.A.
      (Note: I strongly recommend, while you are reading this material, that you mentally skip over the [bracketed] material. Mr. Nelson has researched this writing to a far greater extent than most other material you will ever be exposed to and the source material is vitally important to demonstrate that this material is founded on fact and on Law (statute). However, as important as the sources are, you will find it extremely difficult to read this Adendum if you insist on reading each and evey word. Please, skip the [brackets] and only refer to them when you find a need for a source. To help you in distinguishing between the source material and the main part of the material presented, I have italicized all of the material in [brackets] which are not vital to the understanding of the facts being presented, but which are vital to prove the facts stated.)
      I have enclosed Senate Report No. 93-549 (Note: If you wish to have a copy of this report, simply call your Senator and request it from him), consisting of 607 pages, which I believe you will find most interesting. The United States went “Bankrupt” in 1933 and was declared so by President Roosevelt by Executive Orders 6073, 6102, 6111 and Executive Order 6260 [See: Senate Report 93-549, pgs 187 & 594 under the “Trading With the Enemy Act” {Sixty-Fifth congress, Sess. I, chs. 105,106, October 6, 1917}, and as codified at 12 U.S.C.A. 95a}. The several States of the Union then pledged the faith and credit thereof to the aid of the National Government, and formed numerous socialist committees, such as the “Council of State Governments”, “Social Security Administration” etc., to purportedly deal with the economic “Emergency”. These Organizations operated under the “Declaration of INTERdependence” of January 22, 1937, and published some of their activities in “The Book Of The States.” The 1937 Edition of The Book Of The States openly declared that the people engaged in such activities as the Farming/Husbandry Industry had been reduced to mere feudal “Tenants” on their Land [Book Of The States, 1937, pg. 155].
      This , of course, was compounded by such activities as price fixing wheat and grains [7 U.S.C.A. 1332], quota regulation [7 U.S.C.A. 1371], and livestock products [7 U.S.C.A. 1903], which have been held consistently below the costs of production, interest on loans and inflation of the paper “Bills of Credit” (Author’s note: Mr. Nelson is referring to Federal Reserve Notes); leaving the food producers and others in a state of peonage and involuntary servitude, constituting the taking of private property, for the benefit and use of others, without just compensation.
      Note: The Council of State Governments has now been absorbed into such things as the “National Conference of Commissioners On Uniform State Laws”, whose Headquarters’ Office is located at 676 North Street, Clair Street, Suite 1700, Chicago, Illinois 60611, and “all” being “members of the Bar”, and operating under a different “Constitution and ByLaws” has promulgated, lobbied for, passed, adjudicated and ordereed the implementation and execution of their purported statutory provisions, to “help implement international treaties of the United States or where world uniformity would be desirable” [See: 1990/91 Reference Book, National council of Commissioners On Uniform State Laws, pg. 2]. This is apparently what Robert Bork meant when he wrote “we are governed not by law or elected representatives but by an unelected, unrepresentative, unaccountable committee of lawyers applying no will but their own” [See: The Tempting of america, Robert H. Bork, pg. 130].
      The United States thereafter entered the second World War during which time the “League of Nations” was re instituted under the pretense of the “United Nations” and the “Bretton Woods Agreement” [See: 60 Stat. 1401]. The United States as a corporate body politic (artificial), came out of World War II in worse economic shape than when it entered, and in 1950 declared Bankruptcy and “Reorganization.” The Reorganization is located in Title 5 of the United States Codes annotated. The “Explanation” at the beginning of 5 U.S.C.A. is most informative reading. The “Secretary of the Treasury” was appointed as the “Receiver” in Bankruptcy.[See: Reorganization Plan No. 26, 5 U.s.C.a. 903, Public Law 94-564, Legislative History, pg. 5967]. The United States went down the road and periodically filed for further Reorganization. Things and situations worsened, having done what they were Commanded NOT to do [See: Madison’s Notes, Constitutional Convention, August 16, 1787, Federalist Papers No. 44 and in 1965 passed the “Coinage Act of 1965” completely debasing the Constitutional Coin (gold & silver Dollar)]. [See: 18 U.S.C.A. 331 & 332, U.S. vs. Marigold, 50 U.S.560, 13 L.Ed. 257]. At the signing of the Coinage Act on July 23, 1965, Lyndon B. Johnson stated in his Press Release that:
      “When I have signed this bill before me, we will have made the first fundamental change in our coinage in 173 years. The Coinage Act of 1965 supersedes the Act of 1792. And that Act had the title: An Act Establishing a Mint and Regulating the Coinage of the United States…”
      “Now I will sign this bill to make the first change in our coinage system since the 18th Century. To those members of Congress, who are here on this historic occasion, I want to assure you that in making this change from the 18th Century we have no idea of returning to it.”
      It is important to take cognizance of the fact that NO Constitutional Amendment was ever obtained to FUNDAMENTALLY “Change”, amend, abridge or abolish the Constitutional mandates, provisions or prohibitions, but due to internal and external diversions surrounding the Viet Nam War Etc., the usurpation and breach went basically unchallenged and unnoticed by the general public at large, who became “a wealthy man’s cannon fodder or cheap source of slave labor”[See: Silent Weapons For Quiet Wars, TM-SW7905.1, pgs 6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 13, and 56]. Congress was clearly delegated the Power and Authority to regulate and maintain the true and inherent “value “ of the Coin within the scope and purview of Article I, Section 8, Clauses 5 & 6 and Article I, Section 10, Clause 1, of the ordained Sonstitution (1787), and further, under a corresponding duty and obligation to maintain said gold and silver Coin and Foreign Coin at and within the necessary and proper “equal weights and measures” clause [See also: Bible, Dueteronomy, Chapter 25, verses 13 through 16, Public Law 97-289, 96 Stat. 1211]: 
      • Those exercising the Offices of the several States, in equal measure, knew such “De Facto Transitions” were unlawful and unauthorized, but sanctioned, implemented and enforced the complete debauchment and the resulting “governmental, social, industrial economic change” in the “De Jure” States and in United States of America [See: Public Law 94-564, Legislative History, pg. 5936, 5945, 31 U.S.C.A. 314, 31 U.S.C.A. 321, 31 U.S.C.A. 5112, C.R.S. 11-61-101, C.R.S. 39-22-103.5 and C.R.S. 18-11-203], and were and are now under the delusion that they can do both directly and indirectly what they were absolutely prohibited from doing [See also: Federalist Papers No. 44, Craig vs. Missouri, 4 Peters 903].
        In 1966, Congress being severly compromised, passed the “Federal Tax Lien Act of 1966,” by which the entire taxing and monetary system i.e., “Essential Engine” [See: Federalist Papers No. 31], was placed under the Uniform Commercial Code [See: Public Law 899-719, Legislative History, pg. 3722, also see, C.R.S. 5-1-106]. The Uniform Commercial Code was of course promulgated by the National Conferences of Commissioners On Uniform State Laws in collusion with the American Law Institute for the “banking and business interests” [See: Handbook Of The National Conference Of Commissioners On Uniform State Laws, ()1966) Ed., pgs. 152 & 153]. The United States being engaged in numerous U.N. conflicts, including the Korean and the Viet Nam conflicts, which were under the direction of the United Nations [See: 22 U.S.C.A. 287d], and agreeing to foot the bill [See: 22 U.S.C.A. 287j], and not being able to honor their obligations and re hypothecated debt credit, openly and publicly dishonored and disavowed their “Notes” and “obligations”. [12 U.S.C.A. 411], i.e., “Federal Reserve Notes” through Public Law 90-269, Section 2, 82 Stat. 50 (1968), to wit:
        “Sec. 2. The first sentence of section 15 of the Federal Reserve Act (12 U.S.C. 391) is amended by striking and the funds provided in this Act for the redemption of Federal Reserve Notes’.”
        Things steadily grew worse and on March 28, 1970, President Nixon issued Proclamation No. 3972, declaring an “emergency” because the Postal Employees struck against the de facto government (?) for higher pay, due to inflation of the paper “Bills of Credit” [See: Senate Report No. 93-549, pg 596]. Nixon place the U.S. Postal Department under control of the “Department of Defense” [See: Department of the Army Field Manual, FM 41-10 (1969 Ed.)].
        “The System has been faltering for a decade, but the bench mark date of the collapse is put at August 15, 1971. On this day, President Nixon reversed U.S. international monetary policy by officially declaring the non-convertibility of the U.S. dollar (F.R.N.) into gold” [See: public Law 94-564, Legislative History, pg. 5937 & Senate Report No. 93-549, Foreword pg 111, Proclamation No. 4074, pg. 597, 31 U.S.C.A. 314 & 31 U.S.C.A. 5112].
        On September 21, 1973, Congress passed Public Law 93-110, amending the Bretton Woods Par Value Modification Act, 82 Stat. 116 [31 U.S.C.A. 449], and reiterated the ‘Emergency’ [22 U.S.C.A. 95a], and section 8 of the Bretton Woods Agreements Act of 1945 [22 U.S.C.A. 286f], and which included ‘reports of foreign currency transactions’ ]see also: Executive Order No. 10033]. This Act further declared in Section 2(b) that:
        “No provision of any law in effect on the date of enactment of this Act, and no rule, regulation, or order under authority of any such law, may be construed to prohibit any person from purchasing, holding, selling, or otherwise dealing with gold.”
        On January 19, 1976, Marjorie S. Holt noted for the record, a second “Declaration of INTERdependence” and clearly identified the U.N. as a “Communist” organization, and that they were seeking both production and monetary control over the Union and the People through International Organizations promoting the “One World Order” [See: 8 U.S.C.A. 1101 (40), 50 U.S.C.A. 781 & 783].
        The socio/economic situation worsened as noted in the Complaint/Petition, filed in the U.S. Court of Claim, Docket No. 41-76, on Fegruary 11, 1976, by 44 Federal Judges, Atkins eta al. Vs. U.S. Atkins et al. Complained that “As a result of inflation, the compensation of federal judges has been substantialy diminished each year since 1969, causing direct and continuing monetary harm to plaintiffs…the real value of the dollar decreased by approximately 34.5 percent from March 15th, 1969 to October 1, 1975…As a result, plaintiffs have suffered as unconstitutional deprivation of earnings”, and in the prayer for relief claimed “damages for the constitutional violations enumerated above, measured as the dimunition of his earnings for the entire period since March 9, 1969.” It is quite apparent that the persons holding and enjoying Offices of Public Trust, Honor and/or Profit knew of the emergency emergent problem and sought protection for themselves, to the damage and injury of the People and Children, who were classified as “a club that has many other members” who “have no remedy.” And knowing that “heinous” acts had been committed, stated that they [judges/lawyers] would not apply the Law, nor would any substantive remedy be applied (checked more or less, but never stopped)”until all of us [judges] are dead.” Such persons Fraudulently swore an Oath to uphold, defend and preserve the soverignty of the Nation and several Republican States of the Union, and breached the Duty to protect the People/Citizens and Poterity from fraud, imposition, avarice, and stealthy encroachment [See: Atkins et al. Vs. U.S. 556, F.2d 1028, pgs. 1072, 1074, The Tempting of America, supra, pgs. 69-71, C.R.S. 24-75-101]. This is verifed in Public Law 94-564, Legislative History, pg. 5944, which states:
        “Moving to a floating exchange rate for international commerce means private enterprise and not central governments bear the risk of currency fluctuations.”
        Numerous serious debates were held in Congress, including but not limited to, Tuesday: July 27, 1976 [See: Congressional Record – House, July 27, 1976], concerning the International Financial Institutions and their operations. Representative Ron Paul, Chairman of the House Banking Committee, made numerous references to the true practices of the “International” financial institutions, including but not limited to, the conversion of 27,000,000 (2.7 million) in gold, contributed by the United States as part of its “quota obligations”, which the International Monetary Fund (Governor-Secretary of Treasury) sold [See: Public Law 94-564, Legislative History, pgs. 5945 & 5946] under some very questionable terms and concessions [See also: The ron Paul Money Book, (1991), by Ron Paul, Plantain Publishing, 837 W. Plantation, Chite, Texas 77531].
        “(2) Section 10(a) of the Gold Reserve Act of 1934 (31 U.S.C. 822a(b) is amended by striking out the phrase ‘stabilizing the exchange value of the dollar’…”
        “( c ) The joint resolution entitled ‘Joint resolution to assure uniform value to the coins and currencies of the United States’, approved June 5, 1933 (31 U.S.C. 463) shall not apply to obligations issued on or after the date of enactment of this section.”
        The United States as Corporator [22 U.S.C.A. 286e, et seq.], and “State” [C.R.S. 24-36-104, C.R.S. 24-60-130(h)] had declared “Insolvency” [See: 261.R.C. 165(g)(1), U.C.C. 1-201(23), C.R.S. 39-22-103.5, Westfall vs. Bradley, 10 Ohio 188, 78 Am. Dec. 509, Adams vs. Richardson, 337 S.W. 2d 911, Ward vs. Smith, 7 Wall 447]. A permanent state of “Emergency” was instituted, formed and erected within the Union through the contrivances, fraud and avarice of the International Financial Institutions, Organizations, Corporations and associations, including the Federal Reserve, their “fiscal and depository agent” [See: 22 U.S.C.A. 286d]. This has lead to such “Emergency” legislation as the “Public Debt Limit-Balance Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985”, Public Law 99-177, etc.
        The government by becoming a corporator [See: 22 U.S.C.A. 286d], lays down its sovereignty and takes on that of a private citizen. It can exercise no power which is not derived from the corporate charter [See: The Bank of the United States vs. Planters Bank of Georgia, 6 L. Ed. (9 Wheat) 244, U.S. vs. Burr, 309 U.S. 242]. The real part of interest is not the de jure “United States of America” or “State”, but “The Bank” and “The Fund” [See: 22 U.S.C.A. 286, et seq., C.R.S. 11-60-103]. The acts committed under fraud, force and seizures are many times done under “Letters of Marque and Reprisal”,i.e., “recapture” [See: 31 U.S.C.A. 5323]. Such principles as “Fraud and Justice never dwell together” [Wingate’s Maxims 680], and “A right of action cannot arie out of fraud’ [Broom’s Maxims 297, 729; Cowper’s Reports 343, 5 Scott’s New Reports 558, 10 Mass, 276; 38 Fed. 800]. And do not rightfully contemplate the thought concept, as “Due Process”, “Just Compensation” and Justice itself. Honor or earned by honesty and integrity, not under false and fraudulent pretenses, nor will the color of the cloth one wears cover-up the usurpation’s, lies, trickery and deceits. When Black is fraudulently declared to be White, not all will live in darkness. As astutely observed by Will Rogers, “there are men running governments who shouldn’t be allowed to play with matches”, and is as applicable today as Jesus’ statement about Lawyers.
        The contrived “emergency” has created numerous abuses and usurpation’s, and abridgments of delegated Powers and Authority. As stated in Senate Report 93-549:
        “These proclamations give force to 470 provisions of Federal law. These hundreds of statutes delegate to the President extraordinary powers, ordinarily exercised by the Congress, which affect the lives of American citizens in a host of all-encompassing manners. This vast range of powers, taken together, confer enough authority to rule the country without reference to normal constitutional process.
        Under the powers delegated by these sttutes, the President may: seize property; organize and control the means of production; seize commodities; assign military forces abroad; institute martial law; seize and control all transportation and communication; regulate the operation of private enterprise; restrict travel; and in a plethora of particular ways, control the lives of all American citizens” [See: Foreword, pg III]
        The “Introduction”, on page 1, begins with a phenomenal declaration, to wit:
        “A majority of the people of the United States have lived all of their lives under emergency rule. For 40 years, freedoms and governmental procedures guaranteed by the Constitution have in varying degrees been abridged by laws brought into force by states of national emergency…”
        According to the research done in 16 American Jurisprudence, 2nd Edition, Sections 71 and 82, no “emergency” justifies a violation of any Constitutional provision. Arguendo, “Supremacy Clause” and “Separation of Powers”, it is clearly admitted in Senate Report No. 93-549 that abridgment has ocurred. The statements heard in the Federal and State Tribunals (Author’s note: Tribunals are what our so-called courts really are, leagally speaking), on numerous occasions, that Constitutional arguments are "i“material",”frivolous" ”tc., are based upon the concealment, furtherance and compounding of the Frauds and “Emergency” created and sustained by the “Expatriated”, ALIENS of the United Nations and its Organizations, Corporations and Associations [See: Letter, Insight Magazine, February 18, 1991, pg. 7, Lowell L. Flanders, President, U.N. Staff Union, New York]. Please note that, 8 U.S.C.A. 1481, is one of the controlling statutes on expatriation, as is 22 U.S.C.A. 611, 612 & 613 and 50 U.S.C.A. 781.
        The Internal Revenue Service entered into a “service agreement” with the U.S. Treasury Department [See: Public Law 94-564, Legislative History; pg. 5967, Reorganization Plan No. 26] and the Agency for International Development, pursuant to Treasury Delegation Order No. 91. The Agency for International Development is an International paramilitary operation [See: Department of the Army Field Manual, (1969) FM 41-10, pgs. 1-4, Sec. 1-7(b) & 1-6, Section 1-10(7)(c)(1), 22 U.S.C.A. 284], and includes such activities as “Assumption of full or partial executive, legislative, and judicial authority over a country or area” [See: FM 41-10, pg. 1-7, Section 110(7)(c)(4); also the Agreement Between The United Nations And The United States of America Regarding The Headquarters Of The United Nations, Section 7(d) & (8), 22 U.S.C.A. 287 (1979 Ed.) at pg. 241). It is to be further observed that the “Agreement” regarding the Headquarters District of the United Nations was NOT agreed to [See: Congressional Record-Senate, December 13, 1967, Mr. Thurnond], and is illegally in the Country in the first instant.
        The International Organizational intents, purposes and activities include complete control of “Public Finance”, i.e., “control, supervision, and audit of indigenous fiscal resources, budget practices, taxation, expenditures of public funds, currency issues, and banking agencies and affiliates” [See: FM 41-10, pgs. 2-30 through 2-31, Section 251, Public Finance]. This, of course, complies with “Silent Weapons For Quiet Wars” Research Technical Manual TM-SW7905.1, which discloses a declaration of war upon the American people (See: pgs. 3 & 7), monetary control by the Internationalist, through information, etc., solicited and collected by the Internal Revenue Service [See: TM-SW7905.1, pg 48, also see, 22 U.S.C.A. 286F & Executive Order No. 10033, 26 U.S.C.A. 6103(k) (4)] and who is operating and enforcing the seditious International program [See: TM-SW7905.1, pg. 52]. The 1985 Edition of the Department of Army Field Manual, FM 41-10, further describes the International “Civil Affairs” operations. At page 3-6, it is admitted that the A.I.D. is autonomous and under the direction of the International Development Cooperation Agency, and at page 3-8, that the operation is “paramilitary.” The International Cooperation Agency, and at page 3-8, that the operation is “paramilitary”. The International Organization(s) intents and purposes was to promote, implement, and enforce a "DICTATORSHIP OVER FINANCE IN THE UNITED STATES” [See: Senate Report No. 93-549, pg. 186].
        It appears from the documentary evidence tht the Internal Revenue Service Agents etc. are “Agents of a Foreign Principal” within the meaning and intent of the “Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938.” They are directed and controlled by the corporate “Governor” of “The Fund”, also known s “Secretary of Treasury” [See: Public Law 94-564, supra, pg. 5942, U.S. Government Manual 1990/91, pgs. 480 & 481, 26 U.S.C.A. 7701(a)(11), Treasury Delegation Order No. 150-10], and the corporate “Governor” of “The Bank” 22 U.S.C.A. 286 and 286a, acting as “information-service employees” {22 U.S.C.A. 611(c)(ii)], and have been and do now “solicit, collect, disburse or dispense contribution [Tax – pecuniary contribution, Black’s Law Dictionary, 5th Edition], loans money or other things of value for or in interest of such foreign principal [22 U.S.C.A. 611(c)(iii)], and they entered into agreements with a Foreign Principal pursuant to Treasury Delegation Order No. 91, i.e., the “Agency For International Development” [See: 22 U.S.C.A. 611 (c) (2)]. The Internal Revenue Service is also an agency of the International Criminal Police Organization, and solicits and collects information for 150 Foreign Powers [See: U.S.C.A. 263a, The United States Government Manual, 1990/91, pg. 385, see also, The Ron Paul Money Book, pgs, 250-251]. It should be further noted that Congress has appointed, transferred, and converted vast sums to Foreign Powers [See: 22 U.S.C.A. 262c(b)] and has entered into numerous Foreign Taxing Treaties (conventions) [See: 22 U.S.C.A. 285g, 22 U.S.C.A. 287j] and other Agreements, which are solicited and collected pursuant to 261 R.C. 6103(k)(4). Along with the other documentary evidence submitted herewith, this should absolve any further doubt as to the true character of the party. Such restrictions as “For the general welfare and common defense of the United States” [See: Constitution (1787), Article I, Section 8, Clause 1] apparently aren’t applicable, and the fraudulent re hypothecated debit credit will be merely added to the insolvent nature of the continual “emergency”, and the reciprocal socio/economic repercussions laid upon present and future generations.
        Among other reasons for lack of authority to act, such as a Foreign Agents Registration Statement, 22 U.S.C.A. 612 and 18 U.S.C.A. 219 & 951, military authority cannot be imposed into civil affairs {See: Department of The Army Pamphlet 27100-70, Military Law Review, Vol. 70]. The United Nations Charter, Article 2, Section 7, further prohibits the U.N. from intervening in matters which are essentially within the domestic jurisdiction of any state…” Korea, Viet Nam, Ethiopia, Angola, Kuwait, etc., are evidence enough of the “BAD FAITH” of the United Nations and its Organizations, Corporations and Associations, not to mention the seizing of two day care centers in the State of Minnesota by their agents, and holding the children as collateral/hostages for payment/ransom of their fraudulent, dishonored, re hypothecated debt credit, worthless securities (Author’s note: Yes, this statement is correct. I.R.S. agents seized the day care centers and the children, and refused to permit the parents permission to remove their children from the centers until certain public credit (Federal Reserve Notes) funds were collected from the parents. In several instances, this included funds which were not owing by the parents. Something for you to consider, I’m sure that all of those children hd social security numbers, and parents married under a priviledge granted by the state (marriage license)). Such is the “Rule of Law” “as envisioned by the Founders” of the United Nations. Such is Communist terrorism, despotism and tyranny. ALL WERE AND ARE OUTLAWED HERE.
        I hope this communication finds you well and mentally strong for the occasion. It is quite apparent that the “Treasonous” and “Seditious” are brewing up a storm of untold magnitude. Bush’s public address of September 11, 1991 [See: Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents] should further qualify what is being said here. He admitted “Interdependence” [See also: Public Law 94-564, Legislative History, pg. 5950], “One World Order” [See: Extension Of Remarks, January 19, 1976, Marjorie S. Holt, 8 U.S.C.A. 1101(40)], affiliation and collusion with the Soviet Union Oligarchy[50 U.S.C.A. 781], direction by the U.N. [22 U.S.C.A. 611] etc. You might also find it interesting that Treasury Delegation Order No. 92 states that the I.R.S. is trained under the direction of the Division of “Human Resources” (U.N.) and the Commissioner (INTERNATIONAL), by the “Office of Personal Management.” In the 1979 Edition of 22 U.S.C.A. 287, The United Nations, at pg. 248, you will find Executive Order No. 10422. The Office of Personnel Management is under direction of the Secretary General of the United Nations. And as stated previously, the I.R.S. is also a member in a one hundred fifty (150) nation pact called the “International Criminal Police Organization” found at 22 U.S.C.A. 263a. The “Memorandum & Agreement” between the Secretary of Treasury/Corporate Governor of “The Fund” and “The Bank” and the Office of the U.S. Attorney General would indicate that the Attorney General and his associates are soliciting and collecting information for Foreign Principals [See: The United States Government Manual 1990/91, pg. 385; also see, The Ron Paul Money Book, supra, pgs, 250-251].
        It is worthy of note that each and every Attorney/Representative, Judge, or Officer is required to file a “Foreign Agents Registration Statement” pursuant to 22 U.S.C.A. 611©(1)(iv) & 612, if representing the interests of a Foreign Principal or Power [See 22U.S.C.A. 613; Rabinowitz vs. Kennedy, 376 U.S. 605, 11 L. Ed.2d 940; 18 U.s.C.A. 219 & 951].
        On January 17, 1980, the President and Senate confirmed another “Constitution”, namely, the “constitution of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization”, found at Senate, Treaty Document No. 97-19, 97th Congress, 1st Session. A perusal of this Foreign Constitution should more than qualify the internationalist intents. The “Preamble”, Article 1, “Objectives” and Article 2, “Functions”, clearly evidences their intent to direct, control, finance and subsidize all “natural and human resources” and “agro-related as well as basic industries”, through “dynaic social and economic changes”” with a view to assisting in the establishment of a new international economic order.” The high flown rhetoric is obviously of “Communist” origin and intents. An unelected, unrepresentative, unaccountable oligarchy of expatriates and aliens, who fraudulently claim in the Preamble that they intend to establish “rational and equitable international economic relations”, yet openly declare that they no longer “stabilize the value of the dollar” nor “assure the value of the coin and currency of the United States” is purely misrepresentation, deceit and fraud [See: Public Law 95-147; 91 Stat. 1227, at pg. 1229]. This was augmented by [Public Law 101-167] 103 Stat. 1195, which discloses massive appropriations of re hypothecated debt for the general welfare and common defense of other Foreign Powers, including “Communist” countries or satelllites. International control of natural and human resources, etc. etc. A “Resource” is a claim of “property” and when related to people constitutes “slavery.”
        It is now necessary to ask, “Which constitution they are operating under?” The “Constitution For the Newstates Of The United States.” This effort was the subject matter of the book entitled “The Emerging Constitution” by Rexford G. Tugewll, which was accomplished under the auspices of the Rockefeller tax-exempt foundation called the “Center For The Study of Democratic Institutions.” The People and Citizens of the Nation were forewarned against formation of “Democracies.” “Democracies have ever been the spectacles of turbulence and contention, have ever been found incompatible with personal security or the rights of property; and have in general been as short in their lives as they have been violent in their deaths” [See: Federalist Papers No. 10; see also, The Law, Fredrick Bastiat; Code of Professional Responsibility; Preamble]. This Alien Constitution, however, has nothing to do with democracy in reality. It is the basis of and for a despotic, tyrannical oligarch.
        (Author’s note: Make no mistake about what Mr. Nelson just said. The International Elite, the money kings, are PRESENTLY, by a gradual change in the laws of the nation, bringing the Newstates Constitution into force and effect. If this was a honest, legal change in the form of government of the United States of america, you would be reading about it in the papers and watching debates concerning the possible effects of this type of change on T.V. Not to mention hearing about it constantly on talk radio. Since this move is being hidden from the people of America, we know and understand that treason is being commited by the President of the United States and by many members of Congress. Undoubtedly, many members of Congress do not understand exactly what is going on. As long as they continue to receive their “contributions,” they will “go along, to get along.” My question to you is, why are you permitting these type of men to represent you?)
        Article I, “Rights and Responsibilities”, Sections 1 and 15 evidence their knowledge of the “emergency.” The Rights of expression, communication, movement, assembly, petition and Habeas Corpus are all excepted from being exercised under and in a “declared emergency.” The constitution for the Newstates of America, openly declares, among other seditious things and delusions that “Until each indicated change in the government shall have been completed the provisions of the existing constitution and the organs of government shall be in effect”. [See Article XII, Section 3] “All operations of the national government shall cease as they are replaced by those authorized under this Constitution” [See: Article XII, Section 4]. This is apparently what Burger was promoting in 1976, after he resigned as Supreme Court Justice and took up the promotion of a “Constitutional Convention.” No trial by jury is mentioned, “JUST” compensation has been removed, along with being informed of the “Nature & Cause of the Accusation”, etc.etc. and every one will, of course, participate in the “democracy.” The Constitution is but a reiteration of the Communist Doctrines, intents and purposes, and clearly establishes a “Police Power” State, under direction and control of a self appointed oligarchy.
        Foreign/Alien Constitutions, Laws, Rules and Regultions. The overthrow of the “essential engine” declared in and by the ordained and established Constitution for the United States of America (1787), and by an under the “Bill of Rights” (1791) is obvious. The covert procedure used to implement and enforce these Foreign Constitutions, Laws, Procedures, Rules, Regulations, Etc. has not, to my knowledge, been collected and assimilated nor presented as evidence to establish seditious collusion and conspiracy.
        Fortunately and Unfortunately in my Land it is necessary to seek, obtain and present EVIDENCE to sustain a conviction and/or judgment. Our patience and tolerance for those who pervert the very necessary and basic foundations of society has been pushed to insufferable levels. They have “fundamentally” changed the form and substance of the de jure Republican form of Government, exhibited a willful and wanton disregard for the Rights, Safety and Property of others, evinced a despotic design to reduce my people to slavery, peonage and involuntary servitude, under a fraudulent, tyrannical, seditious foreign oligarchy, with the intent and purpose to institute, erect and form a “Dictatorship”over the Citizens and our Posterity. They have completely debauched the de jure monetary system, destroyed the Livelihood and Lives of thousands, aided and abetted our enemies, declared War upon us and our Posterity, destroyed untold families and made homeless over 750,000 children in the middle of winter, afflicted widows and orphans, turned Sodomites lose among our young, implemented foreign laws, rules, regulations and procedures within the body of the country, incited insurrection, rebellion, sedition and anarchy within the dejure society, illegally entered our Land, taken the false Oaths, entered into Seditious Foreign Constitutions, Agreements, Pactions, Confederations, and Alliances, and under pretense of “emergency”, which they themselves created, promoted and furthered, formed a multitude of offices and retained those of alien allegiance to perpetuate their frauds and to eat out the substance of the good and productive people of our Land, and have arbitrarily dismissed and held mock trials for those who trespassed upon our lives, Liberties, Properties and Families and endangered our Peace, Safety, Welfare and dignity. The damage, injury and costs have been higher than mere money can repay. They have done that which they were COMMANDED NOT TO DO. The time for just correction is NOW!
        Sincere consideration of “Presentment” to a Grand Jury under the ordained and established constitution for the United States of American (1787), Amendment V is in order. Numerous High Crimes and Misdemeanors have been committed under the Constitution for the United States of America, and Laws made in Pursuance thereof, and under the constitution for the State of Colorado, and the laws made in Pursuance thereof, and against the Peace and Dignity of the People, including but not limited to, C.R.S. 18-11-203, which defines and prescribes punishment for “Seditious Associations” which is applicable to the other constitutions, and the intents and professed purposes of their Organizations, Corporations and Associations. If the Presentment should be obstructed by the members of the Bar, ARREST THEM.
        I could go on but the story is long! I hope this information and research is of assistance to you. Much remains to be uncovered and disclosed, as it is necessary and imperative to secure the Lives, Liberties, Property, Peace and Dignity of the People and our Posterity. Good Hunting and the Good Lord be with you in all your endeavors.

        God Bless John Nelson, Jure Soli Jure Sanguinis, Jure Coronea

        P.S. In addition, I am yet expecting a copy of the “Service Agreement”[T.D.O. 91]. It was located in the Department of Treasury, office of the Assistant General Council (International Affairs), Russell L. Munk, 1500 Pennsylvania Ave. N.W., Washington, D.C. 20220. Efforts are being made to obtain a copy, but so far have been obstructed by the Bar. If anyone knows where and how a copy can be obtained please do so immediately, the documents are necessary and imperative. It ought to be most informative! By the way, it’s against the law for an insolvent to make a loan or to try to fraudulently collect thereon [See: Neal et a. vs. Clark, 251 P.2d.903]. It should be further noted that an “Alien” or “Denizen” cannot sit on a Jury [See: 3 Am. Jur.2d Sec.40], nor hold a Public Office [See also: 50 U.S.C.A. 781(9) & 842].
        The “out of court” summery determinations upon matters in issue is purely , “Administrative” procedure [see: 1 Am. Jur. 2d Sec. 78]. The jury, if any, is reduced to an “advisory jury” position, and is more than likely arrayed as a “homage” jury (Note: What Mr. Nelson means is that since all juries impaneled in American come from the “Registered Voter” list of United States citizens, and are Aliens to the State wherein they re sitting, they are not a Jury as defined in the Constitution, but are merely an advisory panel for the so-called judge, actually an Administrative Magistrate under the Executive branch of the federal government. As more and more of these hidden facts become clear to you, what is wrong in American becomes painfully clear).
        5 U.S.C.A. 701-701 should be of interest concerning “Judicial Review” of Agency actions. It can be found in most States under such headings and Acts as the “Administrative Procedures Act” or the “Administrative Reorganization Act.”
        All de facto Federal/International chartered “Institutions”, their Officers, Employees, Servants, Agents and Representative re subject to and should be turned over to a Court of Law for prosecution, trial and judgment according to law [See: Pope Mfg. Co. vs. Gormully, 144 U.S. 414, at pg. 419; see also, 22 U.S.C.A. 286g].
        “FRAUD vitiates the most solemn Contracts, documents and even judgments” (U.S. vs. Throckmorton, 98 US61, at pg. 65).
        I believe that the statement made in Cohen vs. Virginia, 6 Wheat 264, 5 L.Ed 257 (1821) is worthy of note:
        “We (Courts) have no more right to decline the exercise of jurisdiction which is given, than to usurp that which is not given. THE ONE OR THE OTHER WOULD BE TREASON TO THE CONSTITUTION” (Also see: U.S. vs. Will, 449 US 200 66 L.Ed. 3d 392, at pg. 406).
        "WHEN IN THE COURSE OF HUMAN EVENTS…WHENEVER ANY FORM OF GOVERNMENT BECOMES DESTRUCTIVE…WHEN A LONG TRAIN OF ABUSES AND USURPATIONS’S, PURSUING INVARIABLE THE SAME OBJECT, EVINCES A DESIGN TO REDUCE THEM UNDER ABSOLUTE DESPOTISM, IT IS THEIR RIGHT, IT IS THEIR DUTY…” [Declaration of Independence]
        “No political truth is of greater intrinsic value….The accumulation of all powers, legislative, executive, and judiciary in the same hands, whether hereditary, self-appointed, or elective, may be justly pronounced the very definition of tyranny”[Federalist Papers No. 47]. (Author’s note: This refers to the Separation of Powers which forms the basis for freedom in our Republican form of government.)
        “IF a nation expects to be ignorant and free, in a state of civilization, it expects what never was and never will be. The functions of every government have propensities to command at will the liberties and property of ther constituents. There is no safe deposit for these but with the people themselves; nor can they be safe with them without information” [The Writings of Thomas Jefferson, Albert E. Bergh Ed., vol. 14, pg. 384].
        One cannot make agreements with Sodomites, Babylonians and/or Satanics. Their words, oaths or signatures are of no meaning or value; their intent and purpose is to deceive, cheat, steal, lie, defraud and destroy. The seditious overt conspiracy and collusion of certain Organizations, Corporations and Associations to damage, injure, oppress, threaten, intimidate and enforce their fraudulent, foreign, socialist, Communist, “Democracy” and foist their delusions upon the Citizens and children of this land, and to corrupt the de jure Public Offices established to accomplish the purposes set forth in the “Preamble” to the ordained and established Constitution is cause and necessity enough.
        Once again finding our safety, happiness and liberties to be in imminent danger, it has become necessary and imperative to our rights, privileges, immunities, lives, liberties and property and that of our prosperity, to declare our separate and equal station, and exercise our Right and Duty to throw off and abolish the form and operation of thede facto, fraudulent, seditious “state” [See: Constitution For The State Of Colorado, Article II, Section 2; Declaration of Independence (1776); Constitution For The United States Of America, Amendments IX and X, C.R.S. 24-60-130], Article IV(h)].
        Section 2. People may alter or abolish form of government – proviso. The people of this state have the sole and exclusive right of governing themselves, as a free, sovereign and independent state; and to alter or abolish their constitution and form of government whenever they deem it necessary to their safety and happiness, provided, such change be not repugnant to the constitution of the United States.
        ----IT IS HERBY DEEMED NECESSARY---
        JURE CORONEA --- TESTE MEIPSO
        Let Us Now Proceed With The Prosecutions
        A Call For The Cleansing Of Our Nation Under God
        (Note: For those of you who have read this document, if you are a Public Official, a police officer, a member of the Bar, a government employee at any level of government, a member of the armed forces of the United States, or a , forgive the use of the ‘word’, politician, and are involved in any manner in helping to subvert the Constitution of the United States of America as has been described in this work in general, you are, either knowingly or unknowingly, committing treason. To me, either knowingly or unknowingly makes no difference. This was clearly spelled out at the Nuremberg trials at the end of World War II.

        Treason is Treason, and there will come a time, in the very near future, where you will be held accountable for your actions by your peers. If you escape that retribution, there will be a Final Judgment from a power far greater than any on the face of this Earth, and far more severe than any I or anyone of this earth could ever hand down onto you.)

        “The greater the power, the more dangerous the abuse.” – Edmond Burke
        “Man will ultimately be governed by God or by tyrants.” – Benjamin Franklin
        “Society in every state is a blessing, but Government in its best state, is but a necessary evil; in its worst state an intolerable one.” – Thomas Paine
        “The strongest reason for the people to retain the right to keep and bear arms is, as a last resort, to protect themselves against the tyranny in government.”---Thomas Jefferson

        typed by A. Gora - completed Sat. morn. 3/15/2003...for the sake of our INNOCENTS, our babies, everyone's babies, "we are one in the spirit with our Lord....."

        • Part 2: ONCE UPON A BAR - Includes KAREN HUDES or The Kingdom of Hawaii Supports the Constitution of the United States of America and Exposing Those Who Do Not Such As the Bar (includes Karen Hudes, et.als.) Members, etc.

          Diary January 2, 2015 at 19:33:24 (Diaries are not moderated)

          One World Order Background or The Dark Forces Secrets

          By Amelia Gora       Message Amelia Gora     Permalink
          Related Topic(s): BankersBankersDark AgeDark AgesEmpireExploitationJesuitsPutinWORLD DEPOPULATIONWickedness;(more...)
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          Animosity, Wickedness, Thieves, Plunderers, Criminal Deviance, Racketeering, Pillaging, Piracy(ies), Greed
          ::::::::
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          theiolani.blogspot.com :
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          1493, 1822, 1843, and 1871, 1892, and 1915 Secret Treaty(ies), Jesuits, Oaths, Secret U.S. Constitution - 2nd Constitution for the Bankers

          With Credits to Tony Castanha, Wolfram Graetz, Leuren Moret, Vladimir Putin, Karen Hudes, Alayne Fleischmann, and Amelia Gora
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          lg.php?cppv=1&cpp=33F1mHxqSXBCMDRWdk1SWXRNckhzaTYySE1ERllKSWtJRlFyN0xxbzVYTFptL2FYK2lWdFRyVGxEQ0RPTDdMRm9nTnBhM1lVa2V3SVFQZk1KSmxMOFlUSzZMNWJ2aHd2Q3dRRHVaWG00V3B4ZkhyVWxjQ2hpYXVjcFd5OElWNXFZbHVBQ05mWW5RRGpkTzdYSE5mYWM4d3VtbHZpQ2lWRmZiMW1Uc2t3RzhIZkpRdCtaSk8zbDFNMzlvYUJVYW9KN2VGSmVtbGovcG85dmpSenFBOFhpMkUra0NyMXZOelhCNkxOZUZzd3hCa1JGbytiWXVFdjVmVElRcEx2a3hONjFVYm5TfA%3D%3Dusermatchredir?s=183697&cb=https%3a%2f%2fdis.criteo.com%2frex%2fmatch.aspx%3fc%3d25%26uid%3d%25%25USER_ID%25%25

          Compiled by Amelia Gora (2014)





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          1843 - Contributor: Leuren Moret


          https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TueJDp1BdK8
          2-Leuren Moret: Russia aids humanity against Jesuitism- Tsar Alexander II & Putin (Preventing WWIII)

          1871 - Credit to Whistle Blowers: Vladimir Putin-Russian Leader; Karen Hudes-World Bank; and Alayne Fleischmann -JP Morgan
          http://whistleblowerwebsite.blogspot.com/



          Summary
          Wicked set up to destroy civilizations, exterminate the "useless" and "needless eaters", extraction of wealth, Plundered, looting, destroy lands, water, etc., Racketeering, exploitation, etc. documented. Watch Leuren Moret's videos, and read articles written myself. Read other authors books, etc..... the Jesuits are deliberately destroying to dominate the World using the Catholic religion.....Read all Whistle blower's articles............it's important.................there are a lot of broken people who run anNations....including those operating broken, bankrupt nations including the United States, and the American Empire, who operate on the 2nd U.S. Constitution since 1871.
          Maka Ala Kanaka Maoli, and Others who loves their country, their people.
          aloha.

          United States of America 1789 (rev. 1992)


          PREAMBLE

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          We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.



          ARTICLE I

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          SECTION 1

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          All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives.



          SECTION 2

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          The House of Representatives shall be composed of Members chosen every second Year by the People of the several States, and the Electors in each State shall have the Qualifications requisite for Electors of the most numerous Branch of the State Legislature.


          No Person shall be a Representative who shall not have attained to the Age of twenty five Years, and been seven Years a Citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an Inhabitant of that State in which he shall be chosen.


          Representatives and direct Taxes shall be apportioned among the several States which may be included within this Union, according to their respective Numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole Number of free Persons, including those bound to Service for a Term of Years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three fifths of all other Persons. The actual Enumeration shall be made within three Years after the first Meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every subsequent Term of ten Years, in such Manner as they shall by Law direct. The Number of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty Thousand, but each State shall have at Least one Representative; and until such enumeration shall be made, the State of New Hampshire shall be entitled to choose three, Massachusetts eight, Rhode-Island and Providence Plantations one, Connecticut five, New-York six, New Jersey four, Pennsylvania eight, Delaware one, Maryland six, Virginia ten, North Carolina five, South Carolina five, and Georgia three.


          When vacancies happen in the Representation from any State, the Executive Authority thereof shall issue Writs of Election to fill such Vacancies.


          The House of Representatives shall choose their Speaker and other Officers; and shall have the sole Power of Impeachment.



          SECTION 3

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          The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, chosen by the Legislature thereof, for six Years; and each Senator shall have one Vote.


          Immediately after they shall be assembled in Consequence of the first Election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three Classes. The Seats of the Senators of the first Class shall be vacated at the Expiration of the second Year, of the second Class at the Expiration of the fourth Year, and of the third Class at the Expiration of the sixth Year, so that one third may be chosen every second Year; and if Vacancies happen by Resignation, or otherwise, during the Recess of the Legislature of any State, the Executive thereof may make temporary Appointments until the next Meeting of the Legislature, which shall then fill such Vacancies.


          No Person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained to the Age of thirty Years, and been nine Years a Citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an Inhabitant of that State for which he shall be chosen.


          The Vice President of the United States shall be President of the Senate, but shall have no Vote, unless they be equally divided.


          The Senate shall choose their other Officers, and also a President pro tempore, in the Absence of the Vice President, or when he shall exercise the Office of President of the United States.


          The Senate shall have the sole Power to try all Impeachments. When sitting for that Purpose, they shall be on Oath or Affirmation. When the President of the United States is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside: And no Person shall be convicted without the Concurrence of two thirds of the Members present.


          Judgment in Cases of Impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from Office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any Office of honor, Trust or Profit under the United States: but the Party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to Indictment, Trial, Judgment and Punishment, according to Law.



          SECTION 4

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          The Times, Places and Manner of holding Elections for Senators and Representatives, shall be prescribed in each State by the Legislature thereof; but the Congress may at any time by Law make or alter such Regulations, except as to the Places of choosing Senators.


          The Congress shall assemble at least once in every Year, and such Meeting shall be on the first Monday in December, unless they shall by Law appoint a different Day.



          SECTION 5

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          Each House shall be the Judge of the Elections, Returns and Qualifications of its own Members, and a Majority of each shall constitute a Quorum to do Business; but a smaller Number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to compel the Attendance of absent Members, in such Manner, and under such Penalties as each House may provide.


          Each House may determine the Rules of its Proceedings, punish its Members for disorderly Behaviour, and, with the Concurrence of two thirds, expel a Member.


          Each House shall keep a Journal of its Proceedings, and from time to time publish the same, excepting such Parts as may in their Judgment require Secrecy; and the Yeas and Nays of the Members of either House on any question shall, at the Desire of one fifth of those Present, be entered on the Journal.


          Neither House, during the Session of Congress, shall, without the Consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other Place than that in which the two Houses shall be sitting.



          SECTION 6

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          The Senators and Representatives shall receive a Compensation for their Services, to be ascertained by Law, and paid out of the Treasury of the United States. They shall in all Cases, except Treason, Felony and Breach of the Peace, be privileged from Arrest during their Attendance at the Session of their respective Houses, and in going to and returning from the same; and for any Speech or Debate in either House, they shall not be questioned in any other Place.


          No Senator or Representative shall, during the Time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil Office under the Authority of the United States, which shall have been created, or the Emoluments whereof shall have been increased during such time; and no Person holding any Office under the United States, shall be a Member of either House during his Continuance in Office.



          SECTION 7

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          All Bills for raising Revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives; but the Senate may propose or concur with Amendments as on other Bills.


          Every Bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate, shall, before it become a Law, be presented to the President of the United States: If he approve he shall sign it, but if not he shall return it, with his Objections to that House in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the Objections at large on their Journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If after such Reconsideration two thirds of that House shall agree to pass the Bill, it shall be sent, together with the Objections, to the other House, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, and if approved by two thirds of that House, it shall become a Law. But in all such Cases the Votes of both Houses shall be determined by Yeas and Nays, and the Names of the Persons voting for and against the Bill shall be entered on the Journal of each House respectively. If any Bill shall not be returned by the President within ten Days (Sundays excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, the Same shall be a Law, in like Manner as if he had signed it, unless the Congress by their Adjournment prevent its Return, in which Case it shall not be a Law.


          Every Order, Resolution, or Vote to which the Concurrence of the Senate and House of Representatives may be necessary (except on a question of Adjournment) shall be presented to the President of the United States; and before the Same shall take Effect, shall be approved by him, or being disapproved by him, shall be repassed by two thirds of the Senate and House of Representatives, according to the Rules and Limitations prescribed in the Case of a Bill.



           




          • SECTION 8

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            The Congress shall have Power To lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and general Welfare of the United States; but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform throughout the United States;


            To borrow Money on the credit of the United States;


            To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian Tribes;


            To establish an uniform Rule of Naturalization, and uniform Laws on the subject of Bankruptcies throughout the United States;


            To coin Money, regulate the Value thereof, and of foreign Coin, and fix the Standard of Weights and Measures;


            To provide for the Punishment of counterfeiting the Securities and current Coin of the United States;


            To establish Post Offices and post Roads;


            To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries;


            To constitute Tribunals inferior to the supreme Court;


            To define and punish Piracies and Felonies committed on the high Seas, and Offences against the Law of Nations;


            To declare War, grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal, and make Rules concerning Captures on Land and Water;


            To raise and support Armies, but no Appropriation of Money to that Use shall be for a longer Term than two Years;


            To provide and maintain a Navy;


            To make Rules for the Government and Regulation of the land and naval Forces;


            To provide for calling forth the Militia to execute the Laws of the Union, suppress Insurrections and repel Invasions;


            To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining, the Militia, and for governing such Part of them as may be employed in the Service of the United States, reserving to the States respectively, the Appointment of the Officers, and the Authority of training the Militia according to the discipline prescribed by Congress;


            To exercise exclusive Legislation in all Cases whatsoever, over such District (not exceeding ten Miles square) as may, by Cession of particular States, and the Acceptance of Congress, become the Seat of the Government of the United States, and to exercise like Authority over all Places purchased by the Consent of the Legislature of the State in which the Same shall be, for the Erection of Forts, Magazines, Arsenals, dock-Yards, and other needful Buildings;-And


            To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof.



            SECTION 9

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            The Migration or Importation of such Persons as any of the States now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior to the Year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a Tax or duty may be imposed on such Importation, not exceeding ten dollars for each Person.


            The Privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in Cases of Rebellion or Invasion the public Safety may require it.


            No Bill of Attainder or ex post facto Law shall be passed.


            No Capitation, or other direct, Tax shall be laid, unless in Proportion to the Census or enumeration herein before directed to be taken.


            No Tax or Duty shall be laid on Articles exported from any State.


            No Preference shall be given by any Regulation of Commerce or Revenue to the Ports of one State over those of another; nor shall Vessels bound to, or from, one State, be obliged to enter, clear, or pay Duties in another.


            No Money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in Consequence of Appropriations made by Law; and a regular Statement and Account of the Receipts and Expenditures of all public Money shall be published from time to time.


            No Title of Nobility shall be granted by the United States: And no Person holding any Office of Profit or Trust under them, shall, without the Consent of the Congress, accept of any present, Emolument, Office, or Title, of any kind whatever, from any King, Prince, or foreign State.



            SECTION 10

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            No State shall enter into any Treaty, Alliance, or Confederation; grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal; coin Money; emit Bills of Credit; make any Thing but gold and silver Coin a Tender in Payment of Debts; pass any Bill of Attainder, ex post facto Law, or Law impairing the Obligation of Contracts, or grant any Title of Nobility.


            No State shall, without the Consent of the Congress, lay any Imposts or Duties on Imports or Exports, except what may be absolutely necessary for executing its inspection Laws: and the net Produce of all Duties and Imposts, laid by any State on Imports or Exports, shall be for the Use of the Treasury of the United States; and all such Laws shall be subject to the Revision and Control of the Congress.


            No State shall, without the Consent of Congress, lay any Duty of Tonnage, keep Troops, or Ships of War in time of Peace, enter into any Agreement or Compact with another State, or with a foreign Power, or engage in War, unless actually invaded, or in such imminent Danger as will not admit of delay.




            ARTICLE II

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            SECTION 1

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            The executive Power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America. He shall hold his Office during the Term of four Years, and, together with the Vice President, chosen for the same Term, be elected, as follows:


            Each State shall appoint, in such Manner as the Legislature thereof may direct, a Number of Electors, equal to the whole Number of Senators and Representatives to which the State may be entitled in the Congress: but no Senator or Representative, or Person holding an Office of Trust or Profit under the United States, shall be appointed an Elector.


            The Electors shall meet in their respective States, and vote by Ballot for two Persons, of whom one at least shall not be an Inhabitant of the same State with themselves. And they shall make a List of all the Persons voted for, and of the Number of Votes for each; which List they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the Seat of the Government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate. The President of the Senate shall, in the Presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the Certificates, and the Votes shall then be counted. The Person having the greatest Number of Votes shall be the President, if such Number be a Majority of the whole Number of Electors appointed; and if there be more than one who have such Majority, and have an equal Number of Votes, then the House of Representatives shall immediately choose by Ballot one of them for President; and if no Person have a Majority, then from the five highest on the List the said House shall in like Manner choose the President. But in choosing the President, the Votes shall be taken by States, the Representatives from each State having one Vote; a quorum for this Purpose shall consist of a Member or Members from two thirds of the States, and a Majority of all the States shall be necessary to a Choice. In every Case, after the Choice of the President, the Person having the greatest Number of Votes of the Electors shall be the Vice President. But if there should remain two or more who have equal Votes, the Senate shall choose from them by Ballot the Vice-President.


            The Congress may determine the Time of choosing the Electors, and the Day on which they shall give their Votes; which Day shall be the same throughout the United States.


            No Person except a natural born Citizen, or a Citizen of the United States, at the time of the Adoption of this Constitution, shall be eligible to the Office of President; neither shall any person be eligible to that Office who shall not have attained to the Age of thirty five Years, and been fourteen Years a Resident within the United States.


            In Case of the Removal of the President from Office, or of his Death, Resignation, or Inability to discharge the Powers and Duties of the said Office, the Same shall devolve on the Vice President, and the Congress may by Law provide for the Case of Removal, Death, Resignation or Inability, both of the President and Vice President, declaring what Officer shall then act as President, and such Officer shall act accordingly, until the Disability be removed, or a President shall be elected.


            The President shall, at stated Times, receive for his Services, a Compensation, which shall neither be increased nor diminished during the Period for which he shall have been elected, and he shall not receive within that Period any other Emolument from the United States, or any of them.


            Before he enter on the Execution of his Office, he shall take the following Oath or Affirmation:-"I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the Office of President of the United States, and will to the best of my Ability, preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States."



            SECTION 2

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            The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the Militia of the several States, when called into the actual Service of the United States; he may require the Opinion, in writing, of the principal Officer in each of the executive Departments, upon any Subject relating to the Duties of their respective Offices, and he shall have Power to Grant Reprieves and Pardons for Offences against the United States, except in Cases of Impeachment.


            He shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, to make Treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall nominate, and by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, shall appoint Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, Judges of the supreme Court, and all other Officers of the United States, whose Appointments are not herein otherwise provided for, and which shall be established by Law: but the Congress may by Law vest the Appointment of such inferior Officers, as they think proper, in the President alone, in the Courts of Law, or in the Heads of Departments.


            The President shall have Power to fill up all Vacancies that may happen during the Recess of the Senate, by granting Commissions which shall expire at the End of their next Session.



            SECTION 3

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            He shall from time to time give to the Congress Information on the State of the Union, and recommend to their Consideration such Measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient; he may, on extraordinary Occasions, convene both Houses, or either of them, and in Case of Disagreement between them, with Respect to the Time of Adjournment, he may adjourn them to such Time as he shall think proper; he shall receive Ambassadors and other public Ministers; he shall take Care that the Laws be faithfully executed, and shall Commission all the Officers of the United States.



            SECTION 4

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            The President, Vice President and all Civil Officers of the United States, shall be removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors.




            ARTICLE III

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            SECTION 1

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            The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The Judges, both of the supreme and inferior Courts, shall hold their Offices during good Behaviour, and shall, at stated Times, receive for their Services, a Compensation, which shall not be diminished during their Continuance in Office.



            SECTION 2

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            The judicial Power shall extend to all Cases, in Law and Equity, arising under this Constitution, the Laws of the United States, and Treaties made, or which shall be made, under their Authority;-to all Cases affecting Ambassadors, other public ministers and Consuls;-to all Cases of admiralty and maritime Jurisdiction;-to Controversies to which the United States shall be a Party;-to Controversies between two or more States;-between a State and Citizens of another State;-between Citizens of different States;-between Citizens of the same State claiming Lands under Grants of different States, and between a State, or the Citizens thereof, and foreign States, Citizens or Subjects.


            In all Cases affecting Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, and those in which a State shall be Party, the supreme Court shall have original Jurisdiction. In all the other Cases before mentioned, the supreme Court shall have appellate Jurisdiction, both as to Law and Fact, with such Exceptions, and under such Regulations as the Congress shall make.


            The Trial of all Crimes, except in Cases of Impeachment, shall be by Jury; and such Trial shall be held in the State where the said Crimes shall have been committed; but when not committed within any State, the Trial shall be at such Place or Places as the Congress may by Law have directed.



            SECTION 3

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            Treason against the United States, shall consist only in levying War against them, or in adhering to their Enemies, giving them Aid and Comfort. No Person shall be convicted of Treason unless on the Testimony of two Witnesses to the same overt Act, or on Confession in open Court.


            The Congress shall have Power to declare the Punishment of Treason, but no Attainder of Treason shall work Corruption of Blood, or Forfeiture except during the Life of the Person attainted.



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